ࡱ> JLEFGHIq` fbjbjqPqP :: spP$HCHCHCPCdDqrEEF0F0F0FG"G Gqqqqqqq$AuhwRqIuG"GIIqPP0F0FE+rHUHUHUIP80F0FqHUIqHUHUhfh0FE -{HC$Lf@pDAr0qr gwLw(hhw0hGvCHTHUHDHGGGqqMGGGqrIIII,HCHCPPPPPP  MC LC Trang1. Nhng vn  chung v chnh sch i ngoi, quc phng, an ninh v s gn kt i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh31.1.Mt s vn  chung v i ngoi v quc phng, an ninh 31.2.C s khoa hc ca s gn kt i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh trong giai on hin nay202.Quan im, chnh sch ca ng, Nh nc v i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh hin nay 312.1.Ni dung quan im, ch trng ca ng Cng sn Vit Nam, chnh sch ca Nh nc v i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh312.2.Phng thc kt hp i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh trong cc l)nh vc khc352.3.Mt s gii php nng cao hiu qu i ngoi gn vi quc phng - an ninh trong tnh hnh mi42DANH MC TI LIU THAM KHO 49 1. Nhng vn  chung v ng li, chnh sch i ngoi, quc phng, an ninh v s gn kt i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh 1.1. Mt s vn  chung v i ngoi v quc phng, an ninh 1.1.1. ng li, chnh sch i ngoi ca ng, Nh nc ta a. Khi nim i ngoi, chnh sch i ngoi, ng li i ngoi i ngoi l ton b cc mc tiu, nhim v, nguyn tc, phng chm, phng hng ch o hot ng i ngoi ca ng, Nh nc, ca cc t chc, on th chnh tr - x hi, ca ton dn v ca c c nhn khi tham gia hot ng quc t nhm bo m an ninh quc gia, xy dng v pht trin t nc, nng cao v th ca quc gia dn tc mnh trn trng quc t. Chnh sch i ngoi l tng th nhng chin lc, sch lc, ch trng, quyt nh v nhng bin php do nh nc hoch nh v thc thi trong qu trnh tham gia vo i sng quc t trong tng thi k lch s, v li ch quc gia, ph hp vi xu th pht trin ca tnh hnh th gii v php lut quc t. Cng tc i ngoi l mt trong l)nh vc hot ng c bn ca h thng chnh tr v nhn dn, bao gm tng th nhng hot ng xc nh v thc hin ng li, chnh sch i ngoi ca ng v Nh nc i vi cc ch th quan h quc t nhm bo v li ch quc gia, dn tc, gi vng mi trng ho bnh, thun li cho s nghip xy dng v bo v T quc; nng cao v th ca t nc; gp phn tch cc vo cuc u tranh v ho bnh, c lp dn tc, dn ch v tin b x hi trn th gii. b. ng li, chnh sch i ngoi ca ng v Nh nc ta hin nay ng li i ngoi ca ng trong ngh quyt i hi ln th XI th hin  nhng ni dung chnh sau: Mt l, v quan im i ngoi: i hi XI tip tc khng nh:  Thc hin nht qun ng li i ngoi c lp, t ch, ha bnh, hp tc v pht trin; a phng ha, a dng ha quan h, ch ng v tch cc hi nhp quc t; nng cao v th ca t nc; v li ch quc gia, dn tc, v mt nc Vit Nam x hi ch ngh)a giu mnh; l bn, i tc tin cy v thnh vin c trch nhim trong cng ng quc t, gp phn vo s nghip ha bnh, c lp dn tc, dn ch v tin b x hi trn th gii . Nh vy, v quan im i ngoi trong vn kin va c s k tha ng li i ngoi ca gn 30 nm i mi, va th hin r nt t tng ngoi giao H Ch Minh, nm chc ngn c c lp dn tc v ch ngh)a x hi, kt hp sc mnh dn tc vi sc mnh thi i, pht huy th mnh c th ca cc binh chng i ngoi, lm nn sc mnh tng hp ca nn ngoi giao Vit Nam trong thi k mi. Hai l, v mc tiu i ngoi: Cng l)nh v Bo co chnh tr i hi XI ca ng  nu r mc tiu i ngoi l  v li ch quc gia dn tc v  v mt nc Vit Nam x hi ch ngh)a giu mnh . Hai mc tiu ny thng nht vi nhau v l mc tiu cao nht m mi hot ng i ngoi phi hng ti. Bo m li ch quc gia, dn tc l c s  xy dng mt nc Vit Nam x hi ch ngh)a. Xy dng mt nc Vit Nam x hi ch ngh)a giu mnh l ph hp vi li ch quc gia, dn tc v l iu kin  thc hin cc li ch . Mc tiu hot ng i ngoi trn cn th hin tnh trch nhim cao ca ng trc dn tc, bi v ng li  cho thy ng ta lun i din cho quyn li dn tc, hnh ng v quyn li dn tc, v lun gn li ch giai cp vi li ch dn tc. ng thi cn th hin tnh trch nhim cao trc s nghip cch mng th gii v cc mc tiu cao c ca nhn loi hng ti ha bnh, pht trin, cng bng v tin b x hi. ng li i ngoi ca ng lun xut pht t thc phc v li ch cao nht ca quc gia - dn tc, t li ch quc gia - dn tc ln ngang tm cao ca n c th hin xuyn sut trong cc thi k cch mng. Chnh sch i ngoi va phc v li ch chn chnh ca dn tc va gp phn thc hin ngh)a v quc t ca ng ta. Khi thc hin ngh)a v dn tc, chng ta lun lun ch trng mi quan h on kt v hp tc vi cc nc, cc t chc, cc lc lng tin b trn th gii. ng ta xc nh cch mng Vit Nam l mt b phn ca cch mng th gii, sc mnh dn tc c kt hp cht ch vi sc mnh thi i.  l nhn t lm nn thng li ca cch mng Vit Nam. Cng tc i ngoi cn hng mnh vo thc hin t tng ch o quan trng ca ng: "Trong bt k tnh hung no, ton ng, ton dn, ton qun ta u quyt tm bo v vng chc c lp, ch quyn, ton vn lnh th ca T quc; bo v ng, Nh nc, nhn dn v ch ; bo v li ch quc gia, dn tc; bo v an ninh chnh tr, trt t an ton x hi v nn vn ha Vit Nam tin tin, m  bn sc dn tc; gi vng n nh chnh tr - x hi, mi trng ha bnh  pht trin t nc theo mc tiu "dn giu, nc mnh, dn ch, cng bng, vn minh". Trong qu trnh hi nhp quc t, d nc ta c phi thc hin s iu chnh no   sao cho ph hp vi quy nh chung theo cam kt khi hi nhp , nhng phi kin quyt gi vng c lp, t ch. C gi vng c c lp, t ch th mi cng c v pht huy c vai tr ca mnh trong hi nhp, trong cc t chc v thit ch khu vc, quc t m nc ta tham gia, ting ni ca quc gia mi tr nn  c trng lng trong cc quan h quc t. Ba l, v nhim v ca cng tc i ngoi: Vn kin i hi ng X ch r:  Nhim v ca cng tc i ngoi l gi vng mi trng ha bnh, to cc iu kin quc t thun li cho cng cuc i mi, y mnh pht trin kinh t - x hi, cng nghip ha, hin i ha t nc, xy dng v bo v T quc, ng thi gp phn tch cc vo cuc u tranh chung ca nhn dn th gii v ha bnh, c lp dn tc, dn ch v tin b x hi . Vn kin i hi XI ca ng khng nh:  Nhim v ca cng tc i ngoi l gi vng mi trng ha bnh, thun li cho y mnh cng nghip ha, hin i ha, bo v vng chc c lp, ch quyn, thng nht v ton vn lnh th; nng cao v th ca t nc; gp phn tch cc vo cuc u tranh v ha bnh, c lp dn tc, dn ch v tin b x hi trn th gii . im mi v nhim v ca cng tc i ngoi trong Vn kin i hi XI so nhim v ca cng tc i ngoi trong vn kin i hi X l xc nh nhim v nht qun trong ng li, chnh sch i ngoi thi k i mi l phc v cc mc tiu quc gia v pht trin, an ninh  bo v vng chc c lp, ch quyn, thng nht v ton vn lnh th v  nng cao v th t nc . Nhim v i ngoi ny cho thy r yu cu i vi cng tc i ngoi trc ht phi l phi phn u cho s nghip xy dng, pht trin kinh t - x hi v bo v T quc. Mt khc, n p ng nhng pht trin mi ca tnh hnh t nc trong bi cnh hi nhp quc t ton din v su rng, vi nhng thun li v nhng kh khn thch thc mi. ng thi, khng nh vai tr quan trng ca cng tc i ngoi trong s nghip bo v c lp, ch quyn, thng nht, ton vn lnh th ca t nc v gp phn nng cao v th ca Vit Nam trn trng quc t. i ngoi phi xut pht t li ch ti cao ca dn tc l v mt nc Vit Nam x hi ch ngh)a giu mnh v ngy cng c nh hng rng ri trn th gii. Song, t cao li ch dn tc khng c ngh)a t b ngh)a v quc t chn chnh, m cn khng nh r trch nhim ca Vit Nam trong iu kin v kh nng cho php cng vi cc lc lng cch mng, tin b v cng ng th gii trong cuc u tranh v ha bnh, c lp dn tc, dn ch v tin b x hi. Bn l, cc nguyn tc hot ng i ngoi: Nhm tip tc m rng, nng cao hiu qu cc hot ng i ngoi, tip tc a cc mi quan h quc t vo chiu su, n nh v bn vng, i hi XI khng nh cc nguyn tc c bn, xuyn sut i vi ton b hot ng i ngoi ca ng v Nh nc ta l phi  Bo m li ch quc gia, gi vng c lp, t ch, v ha bnh, hu ngh, hp tc v pht trin ,  tn trng cc nguyn tc c bn ca lut php quc t, Hin chng Lin hp quc  l: tn trng c lp, ch quyn v ton vn lnh th, khng can thip vo cng vic ni b ca nhau; khng dng vi lc hoc e da dng vi lc; gii quyt cc bt ng v tranh chp thng qua thng lng ha bnh; tn trng ln nhau, bnh ng v cng c li. Bn cnh nhng nguyn tc c bn, nht qun ny, Vn kin i hi XI, phn nh hng i ngoi v gii quyt cc vn  cn tn ti v bin gii, lnh th, ranh gii trn bin v thm lc a vi cc nc lin quan, nu thm nguyn tc gii quyt cc vn  tn ti trn c s cc  Nguyn tc ng x ca khu vc - DOC . y l s b sung mi ca ng ta trc nhng din bin mi ca tnh hnh khu vc, v khng nh s tun th nghim tc cc nguyn tc ng x chung ca khu vc. Hin nay,  ng Nam ni ring, chu - Thi Bnh Dng ni chung, c nhiu nguyn tc ng x ca khu vc. Mt trong nhng in hnh ca cc nguyn tc ny l Tuyn b v cch ng x ca cc bn ti bin ng (DOC) m ASEAN  k vi Trung Quc nm 2002, v hng ti xy dng b Quy tc ng x (COC) gia cc nc ASEAN - Trung Quc v gii quyt nhng vn  tranh chp ch quyn lnh th bin, o  bin ng. Qun trit v nm vng cc nguyn tc c bn trn l c s xc nh ng n bin php x l cc vn  quc t, cc tnh hung ny sinh mt cch sng to, nng ng, linh hot ph hp vi hon cnh c th, vi v tr cing nh din bin ca tnh hnh th gii v khu vc, ph hp vi c im ca tng i tc c th. Trong bt k tnh hung no cing trnh khng  ri vo th i u, c lp hay l thuc, cng c v gi vng ha bnh, an ninh, to mi trng thun li cho pht trin t nc v hi nhp quc t. Nm l, v phng chm ch o hot ng i ngoi: Trn c s kin tr bn phng chm x l cc vn  i ngoi c Hi ngh Trung ng 3 (kha VII) vch ra l: bo m li ch dn tc chn chnh, kt hp nhun nhuyn ch ngh)a yu nc vi ch ngh)a quc t ca giai cp cng nhn; gi vng c lp t ch, t lc t cng, y mnh a phng ha, a dng ha mi quan h quc t; nm vng hai mt hp tc v u tranh trong quan h quc t; tham gia hp tc khu vc, ng thi m rng quan h vi tt c cc nc. im mi trong phng chm i ngoi ca cc vn kin i hi XI nu ln l: ch ng v tch cc hi nhp quc t; v thnh vin c trch nhim trong cng ng quc t. Su l, v phng hng hot ng i ngoi: Phng hng chung: Trn c s nhng nh hng ln v hot ng i ngoi trong vn kin i hi X ca ng l m rng quan h i ngoi, ch ng v tch cc hi nhp kinh t quc t, a cc quan h quc t  c thit lp vo chiu su, n nh, bn vng, phng hng chung ch o hot ng i ngoi c i hi XI xc nh:  Trin khai ng b, ton din hot ng i ngoi; ch ng v tch cc hi nhp quc t& Nng cao hiu qu cc hot ng i ngoi, tip tc a cc mi quan h quc t vo chiu su&  . im mi trong phng hng chung ch o hot ng i ngoi m vn kin i hi XI  ch ra l:  Trin khai ng b v ton din hot ng i ngoi . C th hiu ch trng nh hng trn ba ni dung ln sau: Khng nh r hi nhp quc t l yu cu khch quan trong tin trnh pht trin ca t nc. iu ny s to ra nhn thc v ng thun ln hn trong ni b ng v nhn dn v tnh cht mi ca cng tc i ngoi cing nh nu r hn yu cu tham gia tch cc v ch ng hn ca mi lc lng trong hot ng i ngoi, ng thi a ti nhng bc tin mnh hn theo hng thng nht ch o hot ng i ngoi ca ng, Nh nc, cc B, ngnh v a phng. Do , phi coi vic trin khai ng b v ton din l phng chm u tin trong hot ng i ngoi, ng thi phi  Bo m s lnh o thng nht ca ng, s qun l tp trung ca Nh nc i vi cc hot ng i ngoi. Phi hp cht ch hot ng i ngoi ca ng, ngoi giao Nh nc v ngoi giao nhn dn; gia ngoi giao chnh tr vi ngoi giao kinh t v ngoi giao vn ha; gia i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh . Tip tc a quan h quc t i vo chiu su, n nh, bn vng thng qua vic a quan h vi Trung Quc tr thnh i tc chin lc ton din, gia tng ni hm ca quan h i tc chin lc vi Nga, thip lp quan h i tc chin lc vi Nht Bn, n , Hn Quc, Anh, Ty Ban Nha. Vit Nam cing tip tc cng c v tng cng quan h hp tc ton din vi Lo, Campuchia, quan h nhiu mt vi cc nc ASEAN. Vi cc i tc ln khc nh M v Lin minh chu u, quan h c nhng bc pht trin mi. Quan h vi Cuba v cc nc bn b truyn thng khc cing tip tc c i mi v thc y. Chiu su ca quan h gia nc ta v cc i tc, t bit l cc i tc chin lc, cc i tc quan trng  gia tng mc  an xen li ch mi mt, cng c lng tin v s hiu bit ln nhau. Vic thit lp cc mi quan h i tc chin lc trong 5 nm qua, song song vi cng c v pht trin quan h vi cc i tc khc,  cng c vng chc thm nn tng chin lc cho i ngoi ca t nc. Phng hng c th: Ngoi cc phng hng ch o hot ng i ngoi  nu trong Vn kin i hi X, ln ny trong Ngh quyt i hi XI ca ng c s pht trin mi trn bn nh hng l: gii quyt cc vn  tn ti v bin gii lnh th; u tin i tc v nh hng quan h ASEAN; i ngoi quc phng, an ninh; i ngoi ng v ngoi giao nhn dn. Gii quyt cc vn  tn ti v bin gii, lnh th gia nc ta vi cc nc c lin quan: Trong nhng nm qua, ngoi giao Vit Nam  t c nhng thnh qu mang tnh lch s trong nhim v bo m an ninh lnh th. Trong cng tc bin gii, chng ta  hon thnh phn gii cm mc trn ton tuyn bin gii trn t lin vi Trung Quc. Vi vic k kt Ngh nh th phn gii cm mc, Hip nh v quy ch qun l bin gii v Hip nh v ca khu v qun l ca khu, hai bn Vit Nam - Trung Quc  kt thc 35 nm m phn gii quyt vn  bin gii trn t lin, hon thnh trn vn s mnh lch s giao ph, to c s cho vic xy dng ng bin gii ha bnh, hu ngh, n nh lu di gia hai nc. Vit Nam  n lc trin khai d n tng dy v tn to h thng mc gii vi Lo; hp tc cht ch vi Campuchia trong phn gii cm mc. Trn bin ng, nc ta  np Lin hp quc Bo co xc nh ranh gii ngoi thm lc a; tch cc trin khai cc tha thun hp tc ngh c, hip nh phn nh Vnh Bc B vi Trung Quc; thc y trin khai Tuyn b ng x ca cc bn lin quan  bin ng (DOC) v u tranh kin quyt vi cc hot ng vi phm ch quyn, bin gii, lnh hi. Nhng kt qu trn  ng gp tch cc vo vic bo v vng chc ch quyn, an ninh lnh th v li ch quc gia. Tuy nhin, gii quyt vn  bin gii, lnh th gia nc ta vi cc nc lng ging l vn  lu di, phc tp lin quan n cc vn  lch s  li. Do vy,  thc hin thnh cng nhim v ny, nh hng ca cng tc i ngoi m i hi XI ch ra l:  Thc y gii quyt cc vn  tn ti v bin gii, lnh th, ranh gii bin v thm lc a vi cc nc lin quan trn c s nhng nguyn tc c bn ca lut php quc t v nguyn tc ng x ca khu vc; lm tt cng tc bin gii, xy dng ng bin gii ha bnh, hu ngh, hp tc v cng pht trin . y l mt pht trin mi trong ng li i ngoi ca ng. Ln u tin Vn kin i hi ng c mt nh hng ring gii quyt cc vn  tn ti v bin gii, lnh th v xy dng, pht trin tuyn bin gii vi cc nc lng ging. nh hng ny ch r: u tin hng u trong trin khai cc hot ng i ngoi l tp trung thc y gii quyt cc vn  tn ti v bin gii lnh th gia nc ta vi cc nc c lin quan nh: y mnh vic k kt phn nh cm mc bin gii vi Campuchia; gii quyt cc vn  tranh chp v ch quyn bin, o, thm lc a, vng chng ln kinh t  bin ng gia nc ta vi Campuchia, Thi Lan, Innxia, c bit l vi Trung Quc, Philippin, Malaixia, i Loan v ch quyn qun o Trng Sa. Lm tt cng tc qun l bin gii, bo v vng chc ch quyn v ton vn lnh th quc gia; tch cc cng vi cc nc c chung bin gii xy dng ng bin gii ha bnh, hu ngh, hp tc cng pht trin. Lc lng tham gia gii quyt cc vn  tn ti trn khng ch l trch nhim ca ngnh ngoi giao nh nc m l trch nhim ca c hot ng i ngoi ng, i ngoi quc phng, an ninh i ngoi, ngoi giao nhn dn v c h thng chnh tr. C s  gii quyt cc vn  tn ti v bin gii, lnh th l cc nguyn tc c bn ca lut php quc t v nguyn tc ng x  khu vc. u tin i tc v nh hng quan h vi cc nc thnh vin ASEAN: V nh hng tham gia trong ASEAN, i hi XI ch r:  Ch ng, tch cc v c trch nhim cng cc nc xy dng Cng ng ASEAN vng mnh, tng cng quan h vi cc i tc, tip tc gi vai tr quan trng trong cc khun kh hp tc  khu vc chu - Thi Bnh Dng . nh hng ny l bc pht trin cao hn t nh hng thc y quan h hp tc ton din v c hiu qu vi cc nc ASEAN, cc nc chu - Thi Bnh Dng c thng qua ti i hi X. Bc pht trin ny khng nh r Vit Nam tham gia cc hot ng trong ASEAN vi t cch l mt thnh vin c trch nhim; ch r mc tiu ca cc hot ng ca Vit Nam trong ASEAN l xy dng thnh cng Cng ng ASEAN; xc nh c tnh ca Cng ng ASEAN m Vit Nam phn u cng cc nc xy dng l mt cng ng vng mnh, c quan h cht ch vi cc i tc bn ngoi v c vai tr ngy cng quan trng trong cc c ch hp tc  khu vc vi phng chm l ch ng, tch cc v c trch nhim. Vi nh hng ny, vic ch ng v c trch nhim tham gia hp tc vi cc thnh vin ASEAN tr thnh mt trong nhng trng tm trong chnh sch i ngoi ca Vit Nam, ngang vi  quan h hp tc, hu ngh truyn thng vi cc nc lng ging chung bin gii . V i ngoi quc phng, an ninh: Ln u tin, nh hng i ngoi v quc phng, an ninh c ghi r trong vn kin i hi XI l:  Tip tc m rng hp tc quc t trong l)nh vc quc phng, an ninh ,  Tham gia cc c ch hp tc chnh tr, an ninh song phng v a phng v li ch quc gia v trn c s cc nguyn tc c bn ca lut php quc t, Hin chng Lin hp quc . Vi nh hng ny, i ngoi quc phng, an ninh s tip tc pht trin v c vai tr ngy cng quan trng trong vic thc hin nhim v xy dng v bo v T quc x hi ch ngh)a, ph hp vi bi cnh t nc hi nhp ngy cng su rng vo khu vc v th gii. Trong thi gian qua, i ngoi quc phng, an ninh  c trin khai tch cc, ch ng, c s phi hp ng b, hiu qu vi ngoi giao chnh tr, kinh t v vn ha. Chng ta  ch ng thc y v m rng quan h quc phng, an ninh vi cc nc ASEAN, t chc thnh cng cc Hi ngh B trng Quc phng ASEAN (ADMM), Hi ngh B trng Quc phng cc nc ASEAN m rng (ADMM+), Hi ngh Nhng ngi ng u C quan An ninh cc nc ASEAN (MACOSA)... Hp tc an ninh, quc phng gia nc ta vi cc nc trong v ngoi khu vc khng ngng c m rng v tng bc i vo chiu su c v ni dung v hnh thc, th hin chnh sch quc phng c lp, t ch trong quan h vi cc nc  khu vc v th gii, gp phn quan trng trong gi vng c lp, ch quyn, thng nht v ton vn lnh th ca T quc. Tuy nhin, qu trnh m rng hp tc quc t trong l)nh vc quc phng, an ninh cing s ny sinh nhng thch thc mi i hi ta phi tnh to gii quyt nh s chi phi ca cc thit ch, c ch chnh tr, an ninh m ta tham gia; mc , l)nh vc, lc lng tham gia hp tc quc phng, an ninh ra sao cho ph hp vi kh nng ca ta  lm sao va gi vng c lp, ch quyn quc gia v nh hng x hi ch ngh)a, va hn ch ti a s tc ng tiu cc ca qu trnh hp tc ; s li ko ta tham gia vo cc lin minh qun s vi cc nc nh M, Trung Quc, Nga, ASEAN& Do vy, tin hnh a phng ha, a dng ha cc quan h hp tc quc t trong l)nh vc quc phng, an ninh phi trn c s li ch quc gia, gi vng c lp, t ch trong quan h, to th an xen v li ch, khng  cc th lc th ch li dng xuyn tc, chia r quan h gia nc ta vi cc nc. i ngoi, quc phng, an ninh c vai tr nng ct trong vic gi vng mi trng ha bnh, n nh, pht huy sc mnh dn tc, kt hp sc mnh ca dn tc vi sc mnh ca thi i  xy dng v bo v T quc. Quc phng, an ninh vng vng th i ngoi mi c c s, c th  thc hin nhim v v pht huy vai tr ca mnh. Ngc li, i ngoi, bao gm c i ngoi quc phng, an ninh pht trin th khng nhng to th cho quc phng, an ninh m ng gp trc tip vo nhim v bo v vng chc an ninh T quc. y mnh i ngoi ng v ngoi giao nhn dn: i ngoi ng, ngoi giao nhn dn cng vi ngoi giao nh nc l ba tr ct to nn sc mnh tng hp, thc hin thng li ng li v chnh sch i ngoi ca ng v Nh nc ta. im mi v i ngoi ng v ngoi giao nhn dn trong ngh quyt i hi XI khng phi y l ln u tin ng ta mi nu trong vn kin m  nh hng ch ng v tch cc i mi, nng cao hiu qu cng tc i ngoi ng, ngoi giao nhn dn trong tnh hnh mi. V nh hng i ngoi ng, Vn kin i hi XI xc nh: tip tc pht trin su rng quan h vi cc chnh ng trn th gii; thc y quan h vi cc ng cng sn v cng nhn i vo chiu su, thc cht hn, c th hn; tng cng quan h vi cc ng cnh t, va tranh th s ng h va on kt, gip  bn b quc t; ng thi m rng quan h vi cc ng cm quyn v cc ng tham chnh  cc quc gia l nhng i tc ln, i tc quan trng. Ch ng v tch cc hn trong vic tham gia cc din n a phng chnh ng  khu vc v th gii. Quan h ng va cn m rng bnh din quan h, va i vo chiu su, c trng tm, trng im, va p ng quan h i ngoi trc mt, va linh hot thch ng vi nhng chuyn bin ht sc nhanh chng trn chnh trng ca cc quc gia trn th gii. Bn cnh , trc tnh hnh th gii hin nay, cn phi coi trng hn cng tc i ngoi nhn dn. Thc hin Ch th 44-CT/TW ca Ban B th (kha XI) nm 1994 v  M rng v i mi hot ng i ngoi nhn dn , cng tc i ngoi nhn dn  c nhng ng gp tch cc vo vic gi vng mi trng ho bnh, m rng quan h hu ngh, hp tc, to iu kin quc t thun li cho cng cuc i mi, cng vi i ngoi ng v ngoi giao nh nc to thnh sc mnh tng hp trn mt trn i ngoi nc nh. Ngh quyt i hi ln th XI ca ng ch r:  Coi trng v nng cao hiu qu ca cng tc ngoi giao nhn dn. Tng cng cng tc nghin cu, d bo chin lc, tham mu v i ngoi; chm lo o to, rn luyn i ngi cn b lm cng tc i ngoi; thng xuyn bi dng kin thc i ngoi cho cn b ch cht cc cp . Pht huy vai tr ca Lin hip Cc t chc hu ngh Vit Nam v cc t chc thnh vin trong thc hin ng li ngoi giao nhn dn vi phng chm  ch ng, linh hot, sng to, hiu qu v ha bnh, on kt, hu ngh v hp tc vi nhn dn cc nc. Tch cc tuyn truyn, vn ng i tc, bn b quc t hp tc kinh t, u t, hp tc vn ha, khoa hc v k thut, tranh th s ng tnh ng h rng ri ca nhn dn th gii i vi s nghip xy dng, bo v T quc ca nhn dn ta, gp phn cng c v pht trin mi trng ha bnh, hu ngh, hp tc, cng pht trin; pht trin quan h n nh, c chiu su vi cc t chc nhn dn ca cc nc lng ging, cc nc trong khi ASEAN, cc a bn trng im; cng c quan h vi cc t chc, c nhn c thin ch vi Vit Nam; tng cng tnh mc tiu ca tng hot ng, ch trng xy dng ni dung, chng trnh, ni dung thng tin v cc bin php t chc ph hp vi tng hot ng ca cc a bn c th; kt hp vn ng ngi Vit Nam  nc ngoi tham gia vo cng cuc xy dng, pht trin t nc, tham gia cng tc ngoi giao nhn dn v bo v hnh nh ca Vit Nam trn trng quc t; tch cc, ch ng tham gia vn ng, u tranh d lun trn cc vn  dn ch, nhn quyn, dn tc, tn gio; tch cc tham gia c hiu qu cc din n, hot ng ca nhn dn th gii, cc c ch khu vc v quc t v li ch ca t nc, gp phn vo cuc u tranh chung v ha bnh, pht trin, cng bng, bn vng, dn ch v tin b x hi; thc hin tt phng chm  ch ng vn ng, nng cao hiu qu vin tr v qun l tt hot ng trong quan h vi cc t chc phi chnh ph nc ngoi...  tip tc nng cao hiu qu cng tc i ngoi, thc hin thng li Ngh quyt i hi XI, trong qu trnh trin khai ng b cc hot ng i ngoi, cn bo m s lnh o thng nht ca ng, s qun l tp trung ca Nh nc, ng thi pht huy sc mnh ca c h thng chnh tr v vai tr ca ng o nhn dn. 1.1.2. ng li, chnh sch quc phng, an ninh ca ng, Nh nc ta a. Khi nim v quc phng, an ninh Quc phng, c hiu l tng th cc hot ng i ni v i ngoi trn cc l)nh vc qun s, chnh tr, kinh t, vn ho, khoa hc& ca Nh nc v nhn dn  phng th t nc, gi gn ho bnh, ngn nga chin tranh v khi k th gy hn hoc gy chin th ngn chn, chin u m nng ct l lc lng vi trang nhn dn  bo v c lp, ch quyn, thng nht, ton vn lnh th ca T quc. An ninh l cc hot ng phng nga, pht hin, u tranh lm tht bi mi m mu v hnh ng ca cc th lc th ch, ph hoi s n nh v pht trin bn vng ca t nc, ca ch  chnh tr. Ni dung ct li ca an ninh l an ninh chnh tr, l bo m s n nh v pht trin bn vng ca ch  x hi ch ngh)a. b. ng li, chnh sch quc phng, an ninh ca ng, Nh nc ta hin nay Qun trit ch ngh)a Mc - Lnin, t tng H Ch Minh v bo v T quc x hi ch ngh)a, nm vng quy lut tn ti v pht trin ca dn tc Vit Nam  dng nc i i vi gi nc , mt trong cc quan im ch o ng li cch mng Vit Nam ca ng ta lun c  ra l: Kt hp cht ch hai nhim v chin lc xy dng thnh cng v bo v vng chc T quc Vit Nam x hi ch ngh)a. Trn c s nh gi ton din tnh hnh t nc v bi cnh quc t, k tha nhng quan im, t tng ch o trong cc ngh quyt ca ng  cc nhim k trc, i hi i biu ton quc ln th XI ca ng  b sung mt s quan im, nh hng mi v quc phng, an ninh. Cng l)nh xy dng t nc trong thi k qu  ln ch ngh)a x hi (b sung, pht trin nm 2011) xc nh: Mc tiu, nhim v quc phng, an ninh l bo v vng chc c lp, ch quyn, thng nht, ton vn lnh th ca T quc, bo v ng, Nh nc, nhn dn v ch  x hi ch ngh)a, gi vng ha bnh, n nh chnh tr, bo m an ninh quc gia v trt t an ton x hi; ch ng ngn chn, lm tht bi mi m mu, hnh ng chng ph ca cc th lc th ch i vi s nghip cch mng ca nhn dn ta. Tng cng quc phng, gi vng an ninh quc gia, trt t an ton x hi l nhim v trng yu, thung xuyn ca ng, Nh nuc v ton dn, trong  Qun i nhn dn v Cng an nhn dn l lc lng nng ct. Xy dng th trn quc phng ton dn, kt hp cht ch vi th trn an ninh nhn dn vng chc. Pht trin ng li ngh thut qun s chin tranh nhn dn v l lun khoa hc an ninh nhn dn. Ch ng tng cng hp tc quc t v quc phng, an ninh. S n nh v pht trin bn vng mi mt i sng kinh t - x hi l nn tng vng chc ca quc phng, an ninh. Pht trin kinh t - x hi i i vi tng cng sc mnh quc phng, an ninh. Kt hp cht ch kinh t vi quc phng, an ninh, quc phng, an ninh vi kinh t trong tng chin lc, quy hoch, k hoch, chnh sch pht trin kinh t - x hi v trn tng a bn. Xy dng Qun i nhn dn v Cng an nhn dn cch mng, chnh quy, tinh nhu, tng bc hin i, tuyt i trung thnh vi T quc, vi ng, Nh nc v nhn dn, c nhn dn tin yu. Xy dng Qun i nhn dn vi s qun thng trc hp l, c sc chin u cao; lc lng d b ng vin hng hu, dn qun t v rng khp. Xy dng lc lng Cng an nhn dn vng mnh ton din; kt hp lc lng chuyn trch, bn chuyn trch, cc c quan bo v php lut vi phong tro ton dn bo v an ninh T quc. Chm lo nng cao phm cht cch mng, trnh  chnh tr, chuyn mn nghip v cho cn b, chin s cc lc lng vi trang; bo m i sng vt cht, tinh thn ph hp vi tnh cht hot ng ca Qun i nhn dn v Cng an nhn dn trong iu kin mi. Xy dng nn cng nghip quc phng, an ninh, bo m cho cc lc lng vi trang c trang b k thut tng bc hin i. Tng cng s lnh o tuyt i, trc tip v mi mt ca ng, s qun l tp trung thng nht ca Nh nc i vi Qun i nhn dn, Cng an nhn dn v s nghip quc phng, an ninh. Mc tiu, nhim v ca quc phng, an ninh trong tnh hnh mi ton din hn, su sc hn. Mc tiu, nhim v ca quc phng, an ninh trong tnh hnh mi rt ton din, bao gm: bo v vng chc c lp, ch quyn, thng nht, ton vn lnh th ca T quc, bo v ng, Nh nc, nhn dn v ch  x hi ch ngh)a, gi ving ha bnh, n nh chnh tr, bo m an ninh x hi v trt t an ton x hi; ch ng ngn chn, lm tht bi mi m mu, hnh ng chng ph ca cc th lc th ch i vi s nghip cch mng ca nhn dn. Xc nh trch nhim bo v T quc Vit Nam XHCN l nhim v trng yu, thng xuyn ca ng, Nh nc v ton dn, trong  Qun i nhn dn v Cng an nhn dn l lc lng nng ct. Bo v T quc l nhim v trng yu, thng xuyn ca ton ng, ton dn v Nh nc ta. Trch nhim bo v T quc  c cc vn kin i hi XI  ra rt c th: ng lnh o trc tip, tuyt i, ton din; Nh nc qun l tp trung, thng nht; ton dn tham gia; Qun i nhn dn, Cng an nhn dn lm nng ct. ng l lc lng duy nht lnh do s nghip quc phng, an ninh. ng lnh o v mi mt: chnh tr, t tng v t chc i vi qun i, cng an. Mi hot ng, mi nhim v ca s nghip bo v T quc trong bt k iu kin, hon cnh no,  u, cp no u t di s lnh o cht ch ca ng. Tnh hnh th gii v trong nc hin nay din bin mau l v phc tp tc ng mnh n an ninh quc gia, trt t an ton x hi. Mc tiu tn cng ca ch ngh)a  quc v cc th lc th ch vn l ng Cng sn Vit Nam, trong  chng tp trung tn cng nhm v hiu ha s lnh o ca ng i vi lc lng vi trang, lm cho qun i v cng an bin cht v chnh tr,  phi chnh tr ha lc lng vi trang. Trc thc t , i hi i biu ton quc ln th XI ca ng tip tc khng nh: s lnh o tuyt i, trc tip v mi mt ca ng i vi Qun i nhn dn, Cng an nhn dn v s nghip quc phng, an ninh; ng thi b sung vai tr  qun l ca Nh nc trn l)nh vc ny, tng cng s lnh o tuyt i, trc tip v mi mt ca ng, s qun l tp trung thng nht ca Nh nc i vi s nghip quc phng, an ninh. y l vn  c tnh nguyn tc, l nhn t quyt nh thng li ca nhim v bo v T quc Vit Nam x hi ch ngh)a. Phi c s kt hp cht ch th trn quc phng ton dn vi th trn an ninh nhn dn vng chc. ng ta ch r: Sc mnh bo v T quc l sc tng hp ca khi i on kt ton dn, ca c h thng chnh tr di s lnh o ca ng, kt hp sc mnh dn tc vi sc mnh thi i, sc mnh ca lc lng v th trn quc phng ton dn vi sc mnh ca lc lung v th trn an ninh nhn dn. Nhim v quan trng  bo v T quc l phi xy dng th trn quc phng ton dn v th trn an ninh nhn dn. Quan h gia quc phng v an ninh; gia Qun i nhn dn vi Cng an nhn dn l quan h chin lc bin chng trong sut c qu trnh pht trin ca cch mng Vit Nam. Trong chin tranh v ha bnh, c hai lc lng ny u gn b, phi hp cht ch. Mi lc lng c nhim v, chc nng ring, nhng lun gn kt, phi hp, h tr, tng cng sc mnh ln nhau trong s nghip bo v dc lp, ch quyn, thng nht, ton vn lnh th, bo v an ninh quc gia, bo v ng v ch  x hi ch ngh)a. Chnh v vy, so vi Cng l)nh nm 1991, Cng l)nh b sung, pht trin nm 2011 v cc ngh quyt i hi XI nhn mnh phi gn kt hai vn  ny vi nhau  Xy dng th trn quc phng ton dn, kt hp cht ch vi th trn an ninh nhn dn vng chc . ng thi c nhn mnh hn nhing nh hng, nhim v mang tnh c th ca tng l)nh vc quc phng, an ninh. Phi kt hp cht ch pht trin kinh t - x hi vi quc phng, an ninh v quc phng, an ninh vi kinh t. Kinh t - x hi pht trin bn vng l iu kin rt c bn  m bo quc phng, an ninh; ngc li gi ving n chnh tr - x hi, m bo vng chc quc phng, an ninh l iu kin tin quyt  pht trin kinh t - x hi. Chnh v vy, Cng l)nh xy dng t nc thi k qu  i ln ch ngh)a x hi (b sung, pht trin nm 2011)  ch r: Pht trin kinh t - x hi i i vi tng cng sc mnh quc phng, an ninh. Kt hp cht ch kinh t vi quc phng, an ninh, quc phng, an ninh vi kinh t trong tng chin lc, quy hoch, k hoch, chnh sch pht trin kinh t - x hi v trn tng a bn. ng thi m rng phng thc huy ng ngun lc xy dng cng nghip quc phng v cng nghip an ninh; nng cao kh nng pht trin ca cng nghip quc phng, cng nghip an ninh theo hng lng ghp cc chng trnh, d n xy dng cc khu kinh t - quc phng, nht l  bin gii, hi o. Ngh quyt i hi XI xc nh: i vi vng ven bin, bin v hi o: pht trin kinh t ven bin, bin v hi o theo nh hng chin lc bin n 2020 pht trin mnh kinh t o, khai thc hi sn xa b gn vi tm kim cu h, cu nn v gi vng ch quyn vng bin quc gia. Trong iu kin hin nay, ch quyn vng bin quc gia ca Vit Nam b e da nghim trng, an ninh trn vng bin ca Vit Nam din bin rt phc tp, kh lng. Vic ng xc nh kt hp pht trin kinh t ven bin, kinh t bin v kinh t o vi vic  gi vng ch quyn vng bin quc gia l ht sc cp thit v ng n. Phi kt hp cht ch quc phng, an ninh vi i ngoi; i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh; tip tc m rng quan h hp tc quc t trong l)nh vc quc phng, an ninh. Trc xu th tng cng hi nhp quc t, hot ng i ngoi gia nc ta vi cc nc trn th gii ngy cng pht trin nng ng, a dng trn tt c cc l)nh vc, trong  c l)nh vc quc phng, an ninh. Vic kt hp cht ch quc phng, an ninh vi i ngoi gip chng ta tn dng tt hn thi c, khai thc tt hn nhng mt tng ng, tranh th thm ngun vn, cng ngh, kinh nghim tin tin, hn ch c cc mt bt ng, tiu cc trong quan h vi cc nc, to mi trng ho bnh, n nh phc v s nghip xy dng v bo v t nc; nng cao v th t nc; Trong cc vn kin i hi XI ca ng nu r: Tip tc m rng quan h hp tc quc t trong l)nh vc quc phng, an ninh . Vic kt hp quc phng, an ninh vi i ngoi v i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh cn gi vng nguyn tc qun trit, thc hin v vn dng sng to cc phng chm ca ng v quan h i ngoi v hp tc quc t nh:  a phng ho, a dng ho quan h ,  Vit Nam l bn vi cc nc ,  gi vng c lp, t ch ,  gi vng cc vn  chin lc, c sch lc mm do, linh hot trong xc nh  i tng, i tc trn tinh thn tn trng c lp, ch quyn, ton vn lnh th, khng can thip vo cng vic ni b ca nhau, hp tc bnh ng cng c li, cng pht trin, phi rt linh hot, nng ng, sng to trong sch lc ph hp vi iu kin c th v i tc c quan h. Xy dng Qun i nhn dn v Cng an nhn dn cch mng, chnh quy, tinh nhu, tng bc hin i, c s lng hp l vi cht lng tng hp v sc chin u cao. Tri qua cc giai on cch mng, Qun i nhn dn v Cng an nhn dn lun gi vai tr nng ct, phc v c lc cc nhim v chnh tr ca ng, bo v quyn li ca giai cp cng nhn v nhn dn lao ng, di s lnh do trc tip, tuyt i v ton din ca ng, s qun l tp trung thng nht ca Nh nc. Trong bi cnh ton cu ho v xu th hi nhp quc t, cc th lc th ch chng ph ta ngy cng thm c, quyt lit. Chng gia tng cc hot ng  din bin ho bnh , bo lon, lt  nhm th tiu vai tr lnh o ca ng Cng sn, xo b ch  x hi ch ngh)a  Vit Nam, lm mt tnh vi trang chin u sc bn ca qun i v cng an, lm cho cn b, chin s lc lng vi trang mt i tnh giai cp, dn n mt cnh gic, t lit ch v kh nng chin u. Do vy, vic xy dng lc lng Qun i nhn dn v Cng an nhn dn mang bn cht giai cp cng nhn, tuyt i trung thnh vi ng, Nh nc v nhn dn lao ng Vit Nam, thc s l lc lng vi trang nng ct, cng c sc bn, trng yu bo v ng, bo v ch  v nhn dn c ngh)a ht sc quan trng. i hi XI cing  nhn mnh phi tng cng s lnh o tuyt i, trc tip mi mt ca ng, s qun l tp trung thng nht ca Nh nc khng ch vi s nghip quc phng, an ninh, m c vi lc lng Qun i nhn dn v Cng an nhn dn. Xy dng nn cng nghip quc phng, an ninh, bo m cho cc lc lng vi trang c trang b k thut tng bc hin i. K ch v bn ti phm lun li dng nhng thnh tu ca khoa hc cng ngh  hot ng. V vy,  i ph vi chng, phi tng cng c s vt cht - k thut, bo m cho cc lc lng vi trang tng bc c trang b hin i, trc ht l cho lc lng hi qun, phng khng, khng qun, lc lng an ninh, tnh bo, cnh st c ng. Phi trn c s xy dng, pht trin kinh t - x hi  pht trin cng nghip quc phng, an ninh, hin i ha quc phng, an ninh. S tng trng kinh t cn l iu kin m bo ngn sch cho mua sm trang thit b, vi kh hin i tin tin nhm nng cao kh nng, trnh  bo v quc phng, an ninh ca t nc trong bi cnh an ninh th gii, khu vc ngy cng din bin phc tp, kh lng. ng thi cng tc quc phng, an ninh l cng tc c tnh cht c th, ring c, phi bo m b mt; k thut trang b cing mang tnh c th, phi bo m b mt. V vy, phi c cng nghip quc phng, an ninh  p ng. 1.2. C s khoa hc ca s gn kt i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh trong giai on hin nay 1.2.1. Quan nim gn kt i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh Kt hp i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh nhm to ra sc mnh tng hp  xy dng v bo v T quc, lun l k sch dng nc v gi nc ca dn tc ta. Trong chin tranh gii phng dn tc cing nh nhng nm i mi va qua, chng ta  thc hin tt s kt hp  nn cch mng ginh c nhiu thng li. Ngy nay, kt hp i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh vn l k sch to sc mnh tng hp  xy dng v bo v T quc x hi ch ngh)a. Quc phng, an ninh, i ngoi l nhim v to ln v nng n, phi gii quyt nhiu vn  thc tin quan trng. Nhim v  khng ch n l mt c nhn, mt n v hay mt a phng no c th gnh vc ni. Bi vy, t duy ca ng v thc hin nhim v i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh bao gi cing l t duy v s kt hp; c phn cng, phn nhim r rng, nhng lun t chng trong mi quan h cht ch, hi ha, h tr ln nhau v li ch ti cao ca t nc. S kt hp i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh bao gi cing nhm ti mc tiu l huy ng c sc mnh ca ton dn tc, h thng chnh tr, cc cp, cc ngnh, cc lc lng cho s nghip xy dng v bo v t nc. Quc phng, an ninh l hai l)nh vc khc nhau, song gn b mt thit khng tch ri nhau,  cng vi kinh t - x hi lm thnh mt chnh th phn nh sc mnh bn trong (i ni) ca t nc. Ngy nay, quc phng, an ninh ca t nc ta  c nhng pht trin mi a dng, a chiu hn so vi trc; th hin s gn b hu c, phn nh mt cch y , chnh xc hn mi quan h bin chng, bn cht ca cc nhn t hp thnh sc mnh bo v T quc trong tnh hnh mi. ng thi, yu cu ni ti ca cng cuc xy dng v bo v T quc trong hon cnh mi cing i hi s kt hp cht ch, hiu qu hn cc nhn t quc phng, an ninh, lm c s cho vic pht huy sc mnh dn tc v sc mnh thi i phc v cho s n nh v pht trin t nc. Ch ngh)a Mc - L nin  khng nh gia kinh t - chnh tr - vn ha - quc phng - an ninh - i ngoi c quan h cht ch, hp thnh mt h thng, tc ng v thc y s pht trin ca i sng x hi. C th nu khi nim i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh nh sau:  i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh l s gn kt ton din, cht ch gia v tr, vai tr, mc tiu, nhim v, lc lng, bin php ca l)nh vc i ngoi v quc phng, an ninh to nn sc mnh tng hp gp phn thc hin thng li mc tiu ca s nghip xy dng v bo v T quc Vit Nam XHCN  Khi nim v s gn kt gia cng tc i ngoi v quc phng, an ninh l s gn kt ton din, cht ch gia v tr, vai tr, mc tiu, nhim v, lc lng, bin php ca l)nh vc i ngoi v quc phng, an ninh nhm to nn sc mnh tng hp gp phn thc hin thng li mc tiu ca s nghip xy dng v bo v T quc Vit nam XHCN. y l nhng l)nh vc vn c quan h mt thit, l nhn t quan trng trong sc mnh tng hp ca s nghip xy dng v bo v T quc. S gn kt gia chng l s tc ng bin chng ng thi l nhn t tc ng mnh m ti cc l)nh vc khc ca i sng x hi. Cng tc i ngoi c vai tr ch th trong vic gn kt khi chng ta xc nh ch trng chnh sch i ngoi, tuy vy chng ta cing khng  cao, nhn mnh, tuyt i ha vai tr ch th ca i ngoi m phi nhn nhn n t gc  sc mnh tng hp. S gn kt l nhn t c bn, quan trng  cho i ngoi hon thnh mc tiu nhim v ca mnh, vi vai tr quan trng ca quc phng, an ninh n s tc ng n l)nh vc i ngoi v mi l)nh vc khc. S gn kt phi l s thng nht bin chng ca cc hot ng  t di s lnh o ca ng Cng sn Vit Nam, qun l ca Nh nc Vit nam XHCN, pht huy vai tr lm ch ca nhn dn, gn cht vi iu kin lch s c th ca cuc u tranh giai cp, dn tc  nc ta hin nay. Yu cu v i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh Mt l, phi bo m mi lin h gia an ninh v pht trin. i vi nc ta, an ninh v pht trin l mc tiu chin lc u phi c coi trng v u tin nh nhau. Pht trin  tr thnh mt nhn t v quc phng, an ninh; quc phng, an ninh cing l nhn t pht trin. Quc phng, an ninh l nn tng v tin  cho pht trin, ng thi pht trin s gp phn tng cng tim lc v hiu qu ca quc phng, an ninh. Hai l, phi bo m mi lin h gia hi nhp quc t v gi vng c lp, t ch v bn sc dn tc. Vic kt hp gia hot ng ngoi giao chnh thng vi hot ng ngoi giao quc phng, an ninh phi c thc hin lm sao va phc v pht trin t nc, va tranh th c lc lng v iu kin quc t cho bo m quc phng, an ninh v ngc li, quc phng, an ninh l ch da vng chc cho hi nhp quc t. Ba l, to dng mi quan h gia i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh di s lnh o ca ng  c th ng ph kp thi, c hiu qu vi nhng thch thc v kh khn, phc tp ny sinh. Bn l, kt hp gia hot ng i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh lm sao pht huy c ni lc, tranh th sc mnh ca dn tc kt hp vi sc mnh ca thi i. Nm l, vic kt hp gia i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh l to dng v tham gia vo nhng hnh thc tp hp lc lng ph hp vi li ch quc gia, tn dng c s tu thuc ln nhau, rng buc li ch chung gia cc quc gia  gp phn gi vng c lp, ch quyn, ton vn lnh th, ng thi tranh th c ngun lc t bn ngoi cho s nghip bo v T quc. Vn  l phi xc nh r thi c v thch thc, v xu hng pht trin ca th gii, v xc nh i tc, i tng trn tng vn  c th. Vi cch tip cn v nhn thc nh vy, i ngoi gn vi nhim v bo m an ninh, cng c quc phng v xy dng qun i nhn dn thi k mi phi da trn nhng nhim v c th m Ngh quyt Hi ngh ln th 8 Ban Chp hnh Trung ng kho XI v Chin lc bo v T quc   ra,  l: Bo v vng chc c lp, ch quyn, thng nht, ton vn lnh th ca T quc; bo v ng, Nh nc, nhn dn v ch  XHCN; bo v s nghip i mi, cng nghip ho, hin i ho; bo v li ch quc gia, dn tc; bo v an ninh chnh tr, trt t an ton x hi v nn vn ho; gi vng n.nh chnh tr v mi trng ho bnh  xy dng, pht trin t nc theo nh hng XHCN. 1.2.2. C s khch quan quan in, ch trng ca ng Cng sn Vit Nam, chnh sch ca Nh nc v i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh Kt hp gia cng tc i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh l yu cu khch quan nhm huy ng c sc mnh tng hp ca ton dn tc, c ch , cc cp, cc ngnh, cc lc lng cho s nghip xy dng v bo v t nc, hi nhp quc t. C s l lun T quan im ca ch ngh)a Mc - Lnin, t tng H Ch Minh v quan h quc t v bo v T quc x hi ch ngh)a: Ch ngh)a Mc - Lnin  khng nh gia kinh t - chnh tr - vn ha quc phng - an ninh - i ngoi... tn ti khch quan, c quan h cht ch, hp thnh mt h thng, tc ng v thc y s pht trin ca i sng x hi. Sc mnh pht trin ca mi quc gia, dn tc l sc mnh tng hp ca cc l)nh vc trong nc kt hp vi sc mnh thi i. Sc mnh mi l)nh vc l kt qu s tc ng tng hp ca cc yu t trong l)nh vc v s tc ng ca tt c cc l)nh vc khc trong h thng . Sc mnh ca i ngoi, quc phng, an ninh l kt qu tng hp ca cc yu t trong bn thn mi l)nh vc v tc ng ca tt c cc l)nh vc khc trong i sng x hi. V.I.Lnin khng nh phi m rng quan h quc t nhm thu ht ngun vn, tri thc, kinh nghim ca cc chuyn gia t sn. Song qu trnh m rng quan h quc t nhm thu ht ngun vn, tri thc, kinh nghim ca cc chuyn gia t sn phi i lin vi nng cao cnh gic cch mng, tng cng quc phng, an ninh bo v t nc, sn sng v kin quyt p tan mi m mu, th on, hnh ng ph hoi ca cc th lc th ch. Khi nim v s gn kt gia cng tc i ngoi v quc phng, an ninh l s gn kt ton din, cht ch gia v tr, vai tr, mc tiu, nhim v, lc lng, bin php ca l)nh vc i ngoi v quc phng, an ninh nhm to nn sc mnh tng hp gp phn thc hin thng li mc tiu ca s nghip xy dng v bo v T quc Vit Nam x hi ch ngh)a. y l nhng l)nh vc vn c quan h mt thit, l nhn t quan trng trong sc mnh tng hp ca s nghip xy dng v bo v T quc. S gn kt gia chng l s tc ng bin chng ng thi l nhn t tc ng mnh m ti cc l)nh vc khc ca i sng x hi. Cng tc i ngoi c vai tr ch th trong vic gn kt khi chng ta xc nh ch trng chnh sch i ngoi, tuy vy chng ta cing khng  cao, nhn mnh, tuyt i ha vai tr ch th ca i ngoi m phi nhn nhn n t gc  sc mnh tng hp. S gn kt l nhn t c bn, quan trng  cho i ngoi hon thnh mc tiu nhim v ca mnh, vi vai tr quan trng ca quc phng, an ninh n s tc ng n l)nh vc i ngoi v mi l)nh vc khc. S gn kt phi l s thng nht bin chng ca cc hot ng  t di s lnh o ca ng Cng sn Vit Nam, qun l ca Nh nc Vit Nam x hi ch ngh)a, pht huy vai tr lm ch ca nhn dn, gn cht vi iu kin lch s c th ca cuc u tranh giai cp, dn tc  nc ta hin nay. T tng ngoi giao H Ch Minh bao gm h thng cc quan im v ng li chin lc, sch lc i vi cc vn  quc t v quan h quc t, v chnh sch v hot ng i ngoi ca ng v Nh nc ta. Trong sut cuc i hot ng cch mng, H Ch Minh khng ngng phn u v ha bnh, c lp dn tc, dn ch v ch ngh)a x hi cho t nc, v ha bnh, hu ngh, dn ch v tin b x hi cho ton th nhn loi. Gi vng c lp, t ch, ha bnh v on kt quc t; kt hp sc mnh dn tc vi sc mnh thi i;  thm bn bt th ,  d) bt bin ng vn bin , ch ng, tch cc m rng quan h hp tc vi tt c cc nc, coi trng quan h thn thin, hu ngh, hp tc vi cc nc lng ging, cc nc trong khu vc; x l ng n mi quan h vi cc nc ln... l nhng ni dung ct li trong t tng H Ch Minh v i ngoi. ng thi l c s nn tng t tng ng li, chnh sch i ngoi ca ng v Nh nc ta. Khi phn tch mi quan h gia cc l)nh vc kinh t - chnh tr - vn ha - quc phng - an ninh vi i ngoi. Ch tch H Ch Minh  ch r  thc lc l ci ching m ngoi giao l ci ting , quan im ny th hin tnh sng to, tm nhn chin lc trong vn dng th gii quan, phng php lun cch mng, khoa hc vo nhn thc v gii quyt mi quan h bin chng gia i ngoi ngoi giao vi pht trin kinh t - x hi, cng c quc phng, an ninh; kt hp u tranh chnh tr - u tranh kinh t - u tranh qun s - u tranh vn ha - u tranh ngoi giao... vo iu kin c th cuc u tranh gii phng v bo v T quc ca nhn dn ta di s lnh o ca ng Cng sn Vit Nam. Tnh sng to v tm nhn ca Ch tch H Ch Minh l kt qu s k tha, pht trin sng to truyn thng dn tc, tinh hoa nhn loi trn c phng din l thuyt v thc tin. i ngoi gn vi chin lc quc phng, an ninh khng gy cn tr cho s pht trin i vi cc l)nh vc khc ca i sng x hi, tri li m bo cho s pht trin bn vng ca cc l)nh vc y, ng thi thc y s pht trin mi mt ca t nc. V th, trong qu trnh i ngoi gn lin vi quc phng, an ninh cn lu tha ng n nhng yu cu c th ca mi l)nh vc  tm ra nhng c ch v bin php thch hp nhm pht huy c cao  th mnh v tim nng ring ca tng ngnh, tng l)nh vc, hng ti phc v yu cu chung ca quc gia, dn tc. Mt khc, cc ngnh, cc l)nh vc khc u c nhim v tham gia vo qu trnh gn kt i ngoi, quc phng, an ninh. i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh mang tnh ch ng, sng to cao  nhn ln, hp li sc mnh ca nhng mt ng thun, tm c li gii cho nhng mu thun pht sinh trong qu trnh gn kt  to ra ng lc thc y s nghip xy dng v bo v T quc pht trin. S tch cc, ch ng trong qu trnh i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh s t ra cho mi l)nh vc phi lun t tm ti  i mi ni dung, phng thc kt hp mi nhm nng cao hiu hon thnh mc tiu trong mi iu kin hon cnh ca t nc, khu vc v th gii. C s thc tin Xut pht t v tr, vai tr, mc tiu, nhim v ca cng tc i ngoi, quc phng v an ninh. i ngoi, quc phng, an ninh l ba l)nh vc khc nhau, song gn b mt thit khng tch ri nhau cng vi kinh t - x hi lm thnh mt chnh th phn nh sc mnh tng hp ca t nc nhm mc tiu nh thng th trong, gic ngoi, gi vng n nh chnh tr, mi trng ho bnh, tranh th cc iu kin quc t  xy dng v pht trin t nc, nng cao v th ca nc ta trn trng quc t. Cng tc i ngoi gp phn cng c, tng cng sc mnh quc phng - an ninh ca t nc. Kinh nghim lch s cho thy, nu khng c s bo m ca quc phng, an ninh th khng th to dng c s pht trin ca kinh t - x hi v do , khng th pht huy c sc mnh trong nc cho hot ng i ngoi. Nhng mt khc, i ngoi lun ng vai tr ch ng v c hiu qu trong vic cng c mi trng quc t c li cho xy dng t nc, tng cng, cng c quc phng, m bo an ninh quc gia. i ngoi rng m nng cao v th, vai tr ca t nc trn trng quc t, tng cng quan h hp tc, s hiu bit, tin cy ln nhau gia Vit Nam v cc nc khc, thm bn, bt th, ph th b bao vy, c lp. Cng tc i ngoi thc y qu trnh hi nhp quc t, khai thc ngoi lc, tng cng tim lc quc phng, an ninh, thc hin thng li s nghip cng nghip ha, hin i ha t nc, xy dng v bo v T quc x hi ch ngh)a. 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Cng tc i ngoi gp phn tch cc trong tp hp lc lng, pht huy sc mnh ca ng bo Vit Nam  nc ngoi hng, cng c v pht huy sc mnh i on kt ton dn tc; phn ha v li dng mu thun trong hng ngi k th, ngn chn v lm tht bi mi m mu, th on chng ph ca cc th lc th ch t bn ngoi. Cng tc vn ho i ngoi, thng tin i ngoi cn tch cc tuyn truyn quan im, ng li, chnh sch ng n ca ng, Nh nc, bn sc vn ho tt p ca dn tc ta, tranh th s on kt, ng tnh, ng h v gip  ca bn b quc t vi Vit Nam. S gn kt cng tc i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh tc ng tch cc ti cht lng, hiu qu cng tc i ngoi, to iu kin thun li cho i ngoi hon thnh nhim v ca mnh. Quc phng, an ninh vng mnh to iu kin thun li cho pht trin kinh t, vn ho, x hi, tng cng th v lc ca t nc, lm cho cng tc i ngoi c nhng thun li, m rng quan h i ngoi, nng cao v th, vai tr ca t nc trn trng quc t. Quc phng, an ninh vng chc, ch ng, kp thi ngn chn lm tht bi m mu, th on chng ph ca cc th lc th ch, gi vng n nh chnh tr - x hi ca t nc, c sc mnh rn e, to th cho cc hot ng i ngoi. Quc phng, an ninh cung cp nhng thng tin v i tng, i tc gip cho i ngoi nhn din thc cht hn mc ch, ng c v cc ng thi trong quan h ca i tc  x l ng n, ch ng, kp thi. Nh vy gn kt gia cng tc i ngoi - quc phng - an ninh gp phn gi cho  trong m, ngoi m tng cng th v lc ca t nc, thm bn, bt th, gi mi trng ho bnh, iu kin trong nc v quc t thun li  xy dng v bo v T quc; to iu kin thun li  t cht lng, hiu qu cao, hon thnh tt nhim v ca mi ngnh, mi l)nh vc. Xut pht t thc tin lch s dn tc v cch mng Vit Nam Thc tin lch s dng nc v gi nc ca dn tc ta  chng minh:  quc ph, binh cng, ni yn, ngoi t)nh -  chnh l k sch dng nc v gi nc vng chc nht. Do vy, phi chm lo pht trin kinh t, khoan th sc dn, trn di ng lng, m rng giao lu vi bn ngoi vi tinh thn  cao ho hiu, gi vng t ch, trng tnh ngh)a, khoan dung; kt hp cht ch gia  l v binh ;  nh v m ,  cng v giao , ly nhn ngh)a thu phc nhn tm, bang giao ha hiu  ngn chn chin tranh, gi vng c lp, ch quyn t nc. Trong cc giai on cch mng, ng ta v Ch tch H Ch minh  k tha, pht huy, pht trin truyn thng qu bu ca dn tc trong ngh thut dng nc v gi nc, trong  c nhng bi hc kinh nghim kt hp i ngoi - quc phng - an ninh. Trong u tranh gii phng ginh c lp dn tc: khng chin chng thc dn Php, chng M cu nc, ng ta v Ch tch H Ch Minh  kt hp ti tnh gia i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh to nn th trn vi ba mii tin cng l: u tranh chnh tr, u tranh qun s v u tranh ngoi giao, tranh th s ng tnh, gip  ca tt c cc lc lng tin b trn th gii, ginh thng li tng bc tin ti thng li hon ton... Trong s nghip i mi, xy dng v bo v T quc, s gn kt cht ch v ti tnh cc l)nh vc hot ng i ngoi - quc phng - an ninh l mt trong nhng nhn t quan trng gi vng n nh chnh tr, ch  x hi ch ngh)a, bo v c lp, ch quyn, thng nht v ton vn lnh th ca t nc, ch ng, tch cc hi nhp quc t, m rng quan h i ngoi, nng cao v th ca Vit Nam trn th gii. Xut pht t thc trng gn kt gia hot ng i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh thi gian qua Qun trit quan im ca ng v Nh nc v kt hp gia i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh, thi gian qua, cc c quan chc nng, cc cp, cc ngnh, cc a phng  c nhiu chuyn bin tch cc v nhn thc v hot ng, s phi hp quc phng, an ninh, i ngoi c ch trng hn. Nh , gp phn quan trng vo gi vng mi trng ho bnh, iu kin trong nc v quc t thun li cho y mnh cng nghip ho, hin i ho v hi nhp quc t; vo nh gi i tc, i tng, v cung cp thng tin, a ra cc lun c khoa hc cho vic hoch nh quan im, ch trng, chnh sch qun s - quc phng, an ninh, i ngoi cing nh cc l)nh vc khc; trong vic m phn k kt, gii quyt cc vn  lin quan n c lp, ch quyn thng nht v ton vn lnh th, trong hi nhp quc t, thu ht u t, phng, chng  din bin ho bnh bo lon lt  ca cc th lc th ch i vi Vit Nam v cc vn  quc t khc. S kt hp i ngoi, quc phng, an ninh  gp phn thc y quan h hp tc gia qun i, cng an Vit Nam vi qun i, cng an cc nc ASEAN v cc nc khc trn th gii; i ngoi quc phng, an ninh  gp phn tch cc vo s nghip xy dng nn quc phng ton dn, an ninh nhn dn, xy dng Qun i nhn dn, Cng an nhn dn cch mng, chnh quy, tinh nhu, tng bc hin i, tng cng tim lc quc phng bo v T quc, ng thi gp phn thc hin ng li quan im, chnh sch i ngoi ca ng v Nh nc, nng cao v th qun i, cng an v t nc ta trn trng quc t. Bn cnh  trong kt hp i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh vn tn ti mt s hn ch. V vn  tp hp lc lng: mt b phn cn b, ng vin cha thy ht c tnh phc tp ca tnh hnh mi, vn t duy theo  phe nh trc& dn n cch x l thiu linh hot, cng nhc trong quan h quc t cing nh trong kt hp i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh. S phi hp trong nghin cu d bo chin lc v i ngoi, quc phng, an ninh, v i tng, i tc cha ch ng, cht ch, ng b, kp thi lm hn ch n vic tham mu,  xut ch trng, gii php. Cn c s nh gi, nhn nh tnh hnh gia i ngoi, quc phng, an ninh thiu thng nht, c mt cn b ng, bt ng. C ch phi hp gia cc c quan chc nng cn nhiu hn ch. Vic xy dng k hoch, t chc lc lng, trin khai thc hin, trao i thng tin ca cc cp, cc ngnh cn nhiu bt cp, cn mang tnh hnh thc, hiu qu khng cao. 1.2.3. Tnh hnh mi tc ng n s gn kt i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh Tnh hnh th gii v khu vc Ho bnh, hp tc, pht trin l xu th ln, song u tranh giai cp, u tranh dn tc, chin tranh cc b, xung t vi trang, xung t dn tc, tn gio, chy ua vi trang, can thip, lt , ch ngh)a khng b, tranh chp lnh th, bin o, ti nguyn& din bin phc tp, kh lng. Cuc cch mng khoa hc, cng ngh hin i, qu trnh ton cu ho, kinh t tri thc din ra mnh m, tc ng su sc ti cc quc gia, dn tc. S tu thuc ln nhau, hi nhp, cnh tranh, cc vn  ton cu ngy cng phc tp; cc yu t e do an ninh phi truyn thng tip tc gia tng. Kinh t th gii lm vo khng hong ti chnh, tin t,  nhiu nc tnh trng n cng, n nh nc, suy gim kinh t ngy cng nghim trng, s phc hi kinh t th gii din ra chm chp, khng vng chc. Ch ngh)a t bn tuy cn tim nng pht trin song khng th khc phc c nhng mu thun vn c ca n, bt bnh ng, bt cng x hi ngy cng ln. Cc nc x hi ch ngh)a i mi, ci cch t nhiu thnh tu, phong tro x hi ch ngh)a th gii tng bc phc hi song vn cha thot khi thoi tro. Cc nc ang pht trin ang gp nhiu kh khn trong u tranh khc phc tnh trng lc hu, i ngho, can thip, p t. Xu th a cc, a trung tm, xu th dn ch ho, va hp tc, u tranh, cnh tranh tip tc pht trin. S iu chnh, sp xp lc lng quc t, tranh ginh nh hng kim ch ln nhau gia cc nc ln, chi phi mnh ti quan h quc t. Gi vng an ninh quc gia, i ph vi cc mi e da an ninh phi truyn thng l mt ni dung quan trng ca nhim v trng yu, thng xuyn hin nay ca cc quc gia. Nhng mi e da an ninh phi truyn thng nh i ngho, dch bnh, nhim mi trng, bin i kh hu& ang hng ngy vy quanh, rnh rp cuc sng ca chng ta. Trong bi cnh hi nhp quc t, nhng mi e da an ninh phi truyn thng i vi cc nc khng ch t cc vn  trong nc m cn t cc vn  khu vc v th gii, c bit l cc vn  khng b, ti phm xuyn quc gia, an ninh bin, ti phm cng ngh cao... Trc tnh hnh , vic nghin cu vn  an ninh phi truyn thng mang nhiu ngh)a thc tin. Xc nh cc l)nh vc an ninh phi truyn thng, nh gi thc trng ca chng l c s quan trng  hoch nh chnh sch, chin lc an ninh quc gia v nhng cam kt an ninh trong hp tc an ninh quc t v khu vc. Khu vc chu - Thi Bnh Dng v ng Nam pht trin nng ng. Cc nc ng Nam bc vo thi k hp tc mi, tin ti cng ng ASEAN da trn 3 tr ct: chnh tr - an ninh, kinh t, vn ha - x hi. Tuy nhin, khu vc ny vn ang tim n nhng nhn t mt n nh; tranh chp lnh th, bin o ngy cng gay gt. Tnh hnh trong nc Trong bi cnh quc t v trong nc c nhiu kh khn, thch thc, nht l do nh hng ca cuc khng hong ti chnh, suy thoi kinh t ton cu, song Vit Nam vn t c nhng thnh tu quan trng v kinh t - x hi, quc phng, an ninh v i ngoi. Trc nhng din bin phc tp ca kinh t th gii v trong nc, Vit Nam vn c bn gi vng c n nh kinh t v) m, duy tr tc  tng trng kinh t kh, cc ngnh u c bc pht trin, quy m nn kinh t tng ln. i sng ca nhn dn tip tc c ci thin, chnh tr - x hi n nh; quc phng, an ninh c tng cng, c lp, ch quyn, thng nht, ton vn lnh th c gi vng; hot ng i ngoi, hi nhp quc t c m rng, v th, uy tn quc t ca nc ta c nng cao. Tuy nhin, kinh t pht trin cha bn vng, cht lng, hiu qu, sc cnh tranh ca nn kinh t cn thp; chuyn dch c cu kinh t theo hng cng nghip ho, hin i ho chm; ch  phn phi cn nhiu bt hp l, phn ho giu ngho c xu hng tng. Nhng hn ch, yu km trong cc l)nh vc gio dc, o to, khoa hc, cng ngh, vn ho, x hi, bo v mi trng chm c khc phc; t quan liu, tham nhing, lng ph, ti phm, t nn x hi, suy thoi o c, li sng cha c ngn chn, y li. Th ch kinh t, cht lng ngun nhn lc, kt cu h tng vn l nhng im yu cn tr s pht trin. Bn cnh , Vit Nam cn phi i mt vi m mu  din bin ha bnh ca cc th lc th ch. Bng hot ng  din bin ho bnh , cc th lc th ch tin hnh nhiu th on tinh vi, xo quyt thng qua ng ngoi giao, du lch, hp tc quc t, thng mi, u t...  thm nhp, mua chuc, can thip su vo cng vic ni b ca Vit Nam nhm thc y nhanh qu trnh  t din bin ,  t chuyn ha , lm bin cht ch   Vit Nam, lm suy gim tim lc chnh tr - tinh thn ca t nc. Cc quyn t do dn ch, t do tn gio, cc vn  nhn quyn ang b cc th lc th ch li dng  chia r khi i on kt ton dn, kch ng bo lon, ly khai ti mt s khu vc ca t nc. 2. Quan im, chnh sch ca ng, Nh nc v i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh hin nay 2.1. Ni dung quan im, ch trng ca ng Cng sn Vit Nam, chnh sch ca Nh nc v i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh Chng ta ang bc vo thi k mi l y mnh cng nghip ho, hin i ho t nc v ch ng hi nhp kinh t quc t. Trong bi cnh tnh hnh th gii tip tc din bin phc tp, mc d t kh nng xy ra chin tranh th gii, nhng chin tranh cc b, xung t vi trang, xung t dn tc, sc tc, tn gio, chy ua vi trang, hot ng can thip lt  cn xy ra  nhiu ni vi tnh cht phc tp ngy cng tng. Cuc u tranh gia mt bn l cc lc lng u tranh bo v c lp dn tc, chng chin tranh, chng b quyn, bo v ho bnh, c lp dn tc, ch quyn, s bnh ng gia cc quc gia v li ch ca mi nc vi cc lc lng hiu chin, p t cng quyn, can thip tip tc din ra vi qui m v mc  c th cn su sc hn. Tuy nhin, ho bnh, hp tc  pht trin vn l xu th ln ca thi i, chi phi cc mi quan h chnh tr, kinh t v an ninh th gii, nhng nhng thch thc ton cu, nh khng b quc t, vn  ph bin vi kh git ngi hng lot, cc loi ti phm xuyn quc gia v cc mi e do phi truyn thng vn cn tn ti. Bi th, hp tc, u tranh cho ho bnh, n nh v pht trin trn th gii kt hp vi pht trin v an ninh  tng quc gia, tng khu vc vn l i hi cp bch. Nhng thch thc ton cu trn cing ng thi l nhng thch thc ln i vi quc phng, an ninh ca chng ta. Nhim v ca ton ng, ton dn v ton qun ta l xy dng t nc vng bc tin ln ch ngh)a, ng thi bo v vng chc thnh qu cch mng  t c. i ngoi v quc phng, an ninh u phc v cho mc tiu  v u l nhn t quan trng  thc hin chin lc xy dng v bo v T quc trong tnh hnh mi. X l ng n mi quan h gia i ngoi v quc phng s gip gi vng v cng c c lp dn tc, bo v vng chc thnh qu cch mng trc mi din bin phc tp ca th gii. i hi ng ln th XI  ch ra con ng v mc tiu chng ta phi t c trong thi gian ti, trong  nhim v i ngoi bao trm trong thi gian hin nay v sp ti l:  Thc hin nht qun ng li i ngoi c lp, t ch, ho bnh, hp tc v pht trin; a phng ho, a dng ho quan h, ch ng v tch cc hi nhp quc t; l bn, i tc tin cy v thnh vin c trch nhim trong cng ng quc t; v li ch quc gia, dn tc, v mt nc Vit Nam XHCN giu mnh. Nhim v ca cng tc i ngoi l gi vng mi trng ho bnh, thun li cho y mnh cng nghip ho, hin i ho, bo v vng chc c lp, ch quyn, thng nht v ton vn lnh th; nng cao v th ca t nc; gp phn tch cc vo cuc u tranh v ho bnh, c lp dn tc, dn ch v tin b x hi trn th gii . i hi  c bit nhn mnh s cn thit v tm quan trng ca vic kt hp i ngoi vi bo m an ninh v cng c quc phng trong iu kin ton cu ho v hi nhp quc t. Theo , nhim v ca hot ng i ngoi l cng c v duy tr mi trng quc t ho bnh v n nh cho pht trin t nc, tng cng tim lc quc phng; to dng cc mi quan h hu ngh v hp tc theo tinh thn  sn sng l bn v l i tc tin cy ca tt c cc nc . Trong mi quan h i tc tin cy, s rng buc li ch thit thc ln nhau s tng trch nhim ca cc bn, tm kim c s li ch chung, xc nh khun kh quan h lu di, gim thiu v ngn nga cc cn nguyn gy ra xung t v i u, to iu kin thun li  gii quyt nhng vn  ny sinh trong quan h song phng v a phng. Ngh quyt Hi ngh Ban Chp hnh Trung ng 8 kho XI v  Chin lc bo v T quc trong tnh hnh mi  khng nh kin tr ly vic gi vng mi trng ho bnh, n nh  pht trin kinh t - x hi, thc hin cng nghip ho, hin i ho theo nh hng XHCN l li ch cao nht ca t nc trong giai on hin nay. Ni dung v yu cu ca nhim v bo v T quc xut pht t quan im tng hp v ton din, trong  nhn mnh vic kt hp cht ch hai nhim v chin lc l xy dng v bo v T quc, gn pht trin kinh t - x hi vi quc phng - an ninh v i ngoi. Hi ngh cing nhn nh trong nhng nm ti, nc ta c nhng thun li, ng thi cing s ng trc khng t thch thc, kh khn. Thun li c bn l tim lc v v th quc t ca nc ta c tng cng, nu chng ta bit khai thc nhng li th, m rng quan h quc t, chng ta c kh nng gi vng ho bnh, n nh  thc hin thng li s nghip cng nghip ho, hin i ho. Trn tinh thn , vn  mu cht trong vic kt hp thc hin hai nhim v chin lc trong iu kin tnh hnh mi l x l hi ho mi quan h hu c gia bo m an ninh, quc phng v pht trin, theo hng an ninh, quc phng phc v pht trin v pht trin phi bo m cc yu cu an ninh v tng cng tim lc cho quc phng   lc bo m ch quyn quc gia.  gii quyt vn  , i ngoi v quc phng, an ninh li cng cn c nhn nhn ng n trong mi lin h tng tc vi nhau trn nhng vn  sau: S gn kt gia i ngoi v quc phng, an ninh cn tp trung vo cc mt sau: Mt l, bo m mi trng quc t thun li nht cho cng cuc xy dng v pht trin t nc. i ngoi cn phi hp cht ch vi quc phng, an ninh trong vic duy tr mi trng ha bnh, n nh, to cc iu kin quc t thun li, bo v c lp, ch quyn, thng nht, ton vn lnh th, p ng ti a yu cu pht trin ca t nc; cn phi hp cht ch gia cc lc lng trong thc hin Ngh quyt Trung ng 8 kha XI v Chin lc bo v T quc trong tnh hnh mi. Hai l, kt hp cht ch gia i ngoi v quc phng, an ninh trong vic a quan h vi cc i tc chnh i vo chiu su, cng c v trin khai cc khun kh hp tc ton din, n nh, lu di v tin cy ln nhau  c thit lp vi cc nc trong v ngoi khu vc; to dng khun kh hp tc vi cc i tc khc. y l mt ni dung mi trong nhim v i ngoi do i hi ng ln th XI  ra, i hi cc cp, cc ngnh phi qun trit su sc v c bc phi hp trin khai c th nhm thc hin thng li nhim v i ngoi do ng v Nh nc  ra. Ba l, kt hp cht ch gia i ngoi v quc phng, an ninh trong trin khai ng li kinh t v hi nhp kinh t quc t ca ng v Nh nc ta. Cn phi hp cht ch t khu xy dng chin lc, quy hoch pht trin kinh t - x hi ca c nc, ca tng ngnh v tng a phng v trong xy dng l trnh hi nhp kinh t quc t theo hng va tranh th tt nht s gip  t bn ngoi cho pht trin kinh t, nhng vn bo m an ninh ca t nc v pht trin ti a ni lc, gi vng c lp, t ch v nh hng XHCN. Kt hp cht ch pht trin kinh t - x hi vi xy dng lc lng v th trn quc phng ton dn, lc lng v th trn an ninh nhn dn; xy dng Qun i nhn dn v Cng an nhn dn cch mng, chnh quy, tinh nhu, tng bc hin i, cng ton dn bo v vng chc T quc XHCN. Bn l, ch ng thc y ngoi giao quc phng, ngoi giao an ninh, tch cc ch ng hi nhp khu vc v quc t. Nhng hot ng trao i, tip xc, tham kho thng k hoc hi ngh, hi tho v qun s gia nc ta v cc nc khc qua con ng song phng v  cc din n a phng  gip xy dng v cng c lng tin, tng cng s hiu bit ln nhau, gim bt nghi ng v nghi k, ng thi cing ng gp trc tip vo vic tranh th tp hp lc lng c li cho vic cng c, tng cng quc phng, an ninh v nng cao v th t nc. Nm l, kt hp cht ch gia i ngoi v quc phng, an ninh trong cng tc nghin cu, d bo tnh hnh, chia s thng tin  a ra nhng nh gi khch quan v ng nht v nhng din bin ca tnh hnh th gii, tnh hnh khu vc, nhng din bin mi ny sinh ca tnh hnh trong nc, nhm to ra s nht tr v thng nht trong xy dng phng n i ph, trin khai c hiu qu hot ng i ngoi ca ng v Nh nc. Cn ch trng cng tc o to cn b theo hng cn b ngnh i ngoi cn hiu v c kin thc v cng tc quc phng, an ninh v cn b quc phng, an ninh cing c trang b su hn v kin thc i ngoi. Hot ng i ngoi gn kt vi quc phng, an ninh, phc v cng cuc xy dng v bo v T quc l mt truyn thng lch s v l mt bi hc ht sc qu bu  c thc tin kim nghim trong sut qu trnh cch mng nc ta. Trong thi gian ti, cc cp, cc ngnh cn tng cng phi hp vi nhau, gp phn to nn sc mnh tng hp ca t nc nhm thc hin thng li cng cuc xy dng v bo v T quc XHCN theo ng li i mi ca ng 2.2. Phng thc gn kt i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh trong cc l)nh vc khc 2.2.1. Trong pht trin kinh t - x hi i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh trong pht trin kinh - t x hi l mt trong nhng ni dung c bn, xuyn sut ca s gn kt chin lc i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh trong thi k y mnh cng nghip ha, hin i ha t nc. Pht trin kinh t - x hi, m rng quan h quc t v gi vng quc phng, an ninh gn b cht ch vi nhau trong tng th mc tiu, nhim v quc gia, cn c vo nhng i hi c th ca t nc trong mi l)nh vc, mi giai on pht trin  nhn mnh mt mt no . Quan im v kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng cng c an ninh - quc phng c k tha v pht trin t Hin php nm 1946, Hin php nm 1959, Hin php nm 1980, Hin php nm 1992 v nay c th ch ha mt cch y , ton din ti iu 68 Hin php nm 2013:  Nh nc pht huy tinh thn yu nc v ch ngh)a anh hng cch mng ca nhn dn, gio dc quc phng v an ninh cho ton dn; xy dng cng nghip quc phng, an ninh; bo m trang b cho lc lng vi trang nhn dn, kt hp vi quc phng, an ninh vi kinh t, kinh t vi quc phng, an ninh;... . y l mt yu cu mang tnh khch quan, th hin mt cch sinh ng mi quan h bin chng gia s nghip xy dng vi s nghip bo v T quc, bi mt nn kinh t pht trin ton din l iu kin xy dng mt nn an ninh, quc phng mnh l iu kin  ch ng hi nhp quc t v mt nn an ninh, quc phng mnh s to mi trng pht trin v bo v tt thnh qu ca nn kinh t. S kt hp ny s gp phn thit thc a ch trng ca ng, a cc quy nh ca Hin php nm 2013 vo trong cuc sng, bo m s nghip xy dng v bo v T quc t nhiu thnh tu to ln hn na. Ch nh kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng cng c i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh th hin trn mt s ni dung sau: Mt l, kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng cng c i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh l s kt hp trong vic xy dng v xc nh chin lc pht trin kinh t - x hi quc gia, th hin  cc ni dung c hoch nh ca mc tiu pht trin quc gia, cch thc huy ng ngun lc, la chn v thc hin cc gii php chin lc nhm pht huy sc mnh ca tng l)nh vc, kt hp vi nhau to thnh sc mnh tng hp, gii quyt hi ha hai nhim v chin lc xy dng v bo v T quc Vit Nam x hi ch ngh)a. Hai l, kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng cng c i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh l vic ch trng pht trin ton din cc vng, cc a phng theo  phng th chin lc bo v T quc Vit Nam vng mnh trn ton cc v  tng trng im. y chnh l s gn kt cht ch gia pht trin vng kinh t chin lc vi xy dng vng chin lc quc phng, an ninh nhm to ra th b tr chin lc mi c v kinh t ln an ninh, quc phng trn tng a bn tnh, thnh ph. C th, cn kt hp xy dng chin lc, quy hoch tng th pht trin kinh t - x hi vi i ngoi, quc phng, an ninh trn tng a bn ca tnh, thnh ph; kt hp qu trnh chuyn dch c cu kinh t vng, c cu kinh t a phng vi vic xy dng cc khu vc phng th then cht, cc cm chin u lin hon, cc x phng chin u trn tng a bn; kt hp qu trnh phn cng li lao ng ca vng, phn b dn c vi t chc, xy dng v iu chnh, sp xp, b tr lc lng quc phng, an ninh bo m  u c t lin, bin, o l   c lc lng quc phng, an ninh  bo v c s, bo v T quc; kt hp u t xy dng c s h tng kinh t vi xy dng cc cng trnh quc phng, an ninh, bo m tnh  lng dng trong mi cng trnh c xy dng; kt hp xy dng cc c s kinh t vng mnh ton din, rng khp vi xy dng cc cn c  chin u, cn c hu cn, k thut v hu phng vng chc cho mi vng v tng a phng, bo m gi vng an ninh v trt t an ton x hi, sn sng chin u v ng ph trong mi tnh hung. Ba l, kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng cng c i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh phng trong cc ngnh, l)nh vc kinh t ch yu l cng nghip, nng, lm, ng nghip, giao thng vn ti, bu chnh vin thng, xy dng c bn, khoa hc, cng ngh v gio dc. Kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng cng c i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh chnh l hot ng ch ng ca mt quc gia, trong  Nh nc gi vai tr quyt nh, trn c s nhn thc v vn dng mt cch nhun nhuyn, sng to v hp l cc quy lut ca c hai l)nh vc kinh t v an ninh, quc phng nhm tng cng sc mnh quc phng ca t nc trong qu trnh pht trin kinh t, ng thi ngn chn, hn ch tc ng tiu cc ca chin tranh, ca pht trin an ninh, quc phng i vi s pht trin kinh t. 2.2.2. Trong thc hin nhim v bo v T quc i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh l mt trong nhng nhn t gp phn gii quyt tt mi quan h gia kinh t, chnh tr, vn ha, x hi, quc phng, an ninh to nn sc mnh tng hp to ln  pht trin, nhn ln sc mnh tim lc mi mt ca t nc  sc rn e, ngn chn, y li mi s tn cng t bn ngoi. i ngoi phi kt hp cht ch quan h song phng, a phng, thc y a phng ha, a dng ha cc quan h quc t vi cc ch th trong quan h quc t trn c s tn trng lut php quc t v Hin chng Lin hp quc. Nhn thc mi cng tc i ngoi trong chin lc pht trin sc mnh tng hp quc gia. i ngoi l nhn t quan trng trong sc mnh tng hp quc gia, sc mnh tng hp bo v T quc. Quan im sc mnh tng hp l quan im c bn ca ng ta trong qu trnh lnh o cch mng Vit Nam. ng ta coi sc mnh tng hp quc gia l "Sc mnh tng hp v chnh tr, t tng, kinh t, x hi, vn ho, quc phng, an ninh, i ngoi"; ng thi xc nh:  Sc mnh bn trong ca t nc, sc mnh ca ch  chnh tr, s trong sch i ngi cn b v sc mnh i on kt ton dn tc l nhn t quyt nh . i hi X v i hi XI ca ng nhn mnh  Pht huy mi tim nng ca t nc  bo v T quc x hi ch ngh)a. Quan im sc mnh tng hp  ca ng hin nay th hin trn nhng vn  c bn l: Th nht,  l sc mnh ca ton th dn tc Vit Nam, sc mnh ca c nc, di s lnh o ca ng, l s kt hp gia sc mnh truyn thng v hin i. Th hai,  l sc mnh tng hp ca cc nhn t chnh tr, kinh t, khoa hc cng ngh, vn ha, qun s, i ngoi, biu hin trong sc mnh vt cht, tinh thn ca cng ng ngi Vit Nam trong nc v ngi Vit Nam sinh sng  nc ngoi. Th ba, sc mnh tng hp l s kt hp sc mnh ca dn tc v sc mnh ca thi i, sc mnh bn trong vi sc mnh bn ngoi, trong  sc mnh bn trong l quyt nh. Trong tnh hnh mi, nhn thc r tm quan trng ca cng tc i ngoi trong chin lc pht trin sc mnh tng hp quc gia, i vi s nghip xy dng, bo v T quc, ng v Nh nc ta lun quan tm n cng tc i ngoi,  ra quan im, chnh sch i ngoi ng n, ph hp, nhm pht huy cao nht vai tr ca cng tc i ngoi trong chin lc pht trin sc mnh tng hp quc gia xy dng v bo v T quc. Cng l)nh xy dng t nc trong thi k qu  ln ch ngh)a x hi (B sung, pht trin nm 2011) xc nh r ng li i ngoi c lp, t ch, ha bnh, hp tc v pht trin; a phng ha, a dng ha quan h, ch ng v tch cc hi nhp quc t; nng cao v t ca t nc; v li ch quc gia, dn tc, v mt nc Vit Nam x hi ch ngh)a giu mnh; l bn, i tc tin cy v thnh vin c trch nhim trong cng ng quc t, gp phn vo s nghip ha bnh, c lp dn tc, dn ch v tin b x hi trn th gii.  l quan im nht qun phn nh phng hng, mc tiu v cch thc trong qu trnh hi nhp quc t ca nc ta; th hin phng hng, mc tiu ca cng tc i ngoi p ng yu cu ca cng cuc xy dng, bo v T quc trong giai on mi. Mi quan h gia mc tiu i ngoi vinhim v xy dng v bo v T quc x hi ch ngh)a l mi quan h gia i ngoi v i ni. ng li i ngoi l b phn ca ng li i ni v phc v cho ng li i ni. ng li i ngoi bao gi cing l mt b phn khng th tch ri vi ng li cch mng, phi phc v cho ng li i ni; ng li i ni quy nh v t ra mc tiu, yu cu, ni dung cho ng li i ngoi. V th, thc cht mi quan h gia mc tiu i ngoi vinhim v xy dng v bo v T quc x hi ch ngh)a l mi quan h gia ng li i ngoi v ng li i ni trong chnh th thng nht. Theo , mc tiu, nhim v i ngoi chu s quy nh v nhm phc v thng li mc tiu, nhim v i ni, phc v thng li mc tiu, nhim v xy dng v bo v T quc; ng thi, mc tiu, nhim v xy dng v bo v T quc li quy nh, chi phi mc tiu, nhim v ca cng tc i ngoi. Mi quan h gia mc tiu i ngoi vinhim v xy dng v bo v T quc l thng nht, quan h cht ch vi nhau. Vic tch ra gia mc tiu i ngoi vinhim v xy dng v bo v T quc l ch c ngh)a tng i bi s gn kt khng th tch ri gia vn  i ni v vn  i ngoi trong chin lc pht trin ca t nc, cing nh trong chin lc pht trin sc mnh tng hp quc gia. Trong t tng H Ch Minh, mc tiu i ngoi bao gi cing c xc nh mt cch r rng, nht qun, l mt l)nh vc hot ng ca cch mng, khng tch ri vi mc tiu i ni. Theo Ngi, mun lm g cing phi "v li ch dn tc m lm"; mc tiu i ngoi l nhm bo m cc quyn c bn cho t nc, li ch quc gia dn tc, ch quyn v ton vn lnh th, thng nht t nc, i ngoi v ho bnh. Mc tiu, nhim v bo v T quc x hi ch ngh)a quy nh v t ra mc tiu, nhim v ca cng tc i ngoi ca nc ta trong tnh hnh mi. Trn c s nhn thc r mi quan h gia mc tiu i ngoi vinhim v xy dng v bo v T quc, Cng l)nh xy dng t nc trong thi k qu  ln ch ngh)a x hi ca ng nm 1991 xc nh:  Mc tiu ca chnh sch i ngoi l to iu kin quc t thun li cho cng cuc xy dng v bo v T quc i ln ch ngh)a x hi, gp phn vo s nghip u tranh chung ca nhn dn th gii v ho bnh, c lp dn tc, dn ch v tin b x hi . Ti i hi XI, ng ta tip tc nhn mnh v ch r: "Nhim v ca cng tc i ngoi l gi vng mi trng ha bnh, thun li cho y mnh cng nghip ha, hin i ha, bo v vng chc c lp, ch quyn, thng nht v ton vn lnh th; nng cao v th ca t nc; gp phn tch cc vo cuc u tranh v ha bnh, c lp dn tc, dn ch v tin b x hi trn th gii". Nhim v cng tc i ngoi y trc tip phc v mu#c tiu nhim v bo v T quc trong tnh hnh mi: "Mu#c tiu, nhi#m vu# cu a quc phong, an ninh la ba o v# vng chc #c l#p, chu  quyn, thng nht, toan ve#n lanh th  cu a T  quc, ba o v# a ng, Nha nc, nhn dn va ch # xa h#i chu  nghia, gi vng hoa binh, n i#nh chinh tri# va an ninh quc gia, tr#t t#, an toan xa h#i; chu  #ng ngn ch#n, lam tht ba#i mo#i m mu va hanh #ng chng pha cu a cac th l#c thu i#ch i vi s# nghi#p cach ma#ng cu a nhn dn ta". Mi trng ha bnh, thun li; nng cao v th t nc; gp phn vo cuc u tranh trn th gii, m cng tc i ngoi thc hin v mang li s trc tip gp phn thc hin thng li mu#c tiu, nhi#m vu# quc phong, an ninh ba o v# T quc. Cng tc i ngoi, r rng khng ch phc v c lc cho s nghip xy dng t nc; m cn phc v trc tip, c hiu qu cho cng cuc bo v T quc. V th, i ngoi ngy cng c kt hp cht ch vi quc phng, an ninh v vi kinh t, vn ha trong chin lc bo v T quc x hi ch ngh)a ca ng v Nh nc ta. Trong tnh hnh mi, cuc u tranh giai cp, u tranh dn tc, tnh hnh chnh tr, qun s trn th gii c nhng din bin phc tp, kh lng. ng Nam tr thnh a bn cnh tranh quyt lit v th trng v ti nguyn; tranh chp lnh th, ch quyn bin, o din bin phc tp.  xut hin mt s loi hnh chin tranh kiu mi, nh chin tranh thng tin, chin tranh mng, s dng sc mnh mm thng qua cc hot ng kinh t, ngoi giao, vn ha kt hp vi  din bin ha bnh , bo lon lt & ht sc nguy him.  trong nc, s nghip i mi, pht trin kinh t - x hi, bn cnh kt qu, thnh tu  t c, vn cn khng t hn ch, yu km, lm xut hin nhng vn  phc tp mi nh hng ti vic thc hin nhim v bo v T quc. Trong iu kin , chng ta phi nm vng v vn dng nhun nhuyn bi hc:  Dng nc i i vi gi nc ;  gi nc t khi nc cha nguy ; c k sch ngn nga, loi b cc nguy c chin tranh, xung t t sm, t xa. Ngh)a l, lm sao cho kinh t phi vng, quc phng phi mnh, thc lc phi cng, lng dn phi yn, chnh tr - x hi n nh, c dn tc l mt khi on kt thng nht . Nh vy, trong tnh hnh mi vn  lm th no  thc hin c t tng ch o  gi nc t khi nc cha nguy ; c k sch ngn nga, loi b cc nguy c chin tranh, xung t "t sm, t xa"  tr thnh vn  c bit quan trng i vi s nghip bo v T quc ca nhn dn ta. Vn   t ra cho cng tc i ngoi phi vn ln  sc p ng yu cu, ng thi quy nh r mc tiu, nhim v ca cng tc i ngoi trong bi cnh lch s mi theo t duy mi v bo v T quc ca ng nhm gp phn phc v nhng yu cu, i hi v "ngn nga, loi b cc nguy c chin tranh", thc hin bo v T quc "t sm, t xa". 2.2.3.Trong hi nhp quc t Cng vi qu trnh ton cu ha, hi nhp quc t l mt xu th khch quan. y l mt bc i tt yu, phn nh qu trnh  Ton cu ha kinh t l mt xu th khch quan, li cun ngy cng nhiu nc tham gia& , va c mt tch cc, va c mt tiu cc, va c hp tc, va c u tranh . Trong hi nhp quc t, chng ta tn dng c nhiu c hi ln, nhng cing phi i mt vi nhng thch thc khng nh. Nhng c hi v thch thc  din ra trn tt c cc l)nh vc ca i sng x hi, t ra nhiu vn  mi cho cch mng Vit Nam, trong  c vic thc hin hai nhim v chin lc: xy dng ch ngh)a x hi v bo v T quc Vit Nam x hi ch ngh)a. i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh trong hi nhp quc t cn gii quyt hi ha cc yu t: i ngoi, quc phng, an ninh phi gp phn nng cao hiu qu quan h quc t v hp tc quc t, gp phn quan trng vo vic gi vng c lp, ch quyn, thng nht, ton vn lnh th, an ninh chnh tr, trt t an ton x hi gp phn thit thc vo cng cuc xy dng v bo v T quc v cuc u tranh chung ca nhn dn th gii v ha bnh, c lp dn tc, dn ch v tin b x hi. Gii quyt tt mi quan h gia c lp t ch v hi nhp quc t, y l mi quan h gia mc tiu v bin php. c lp, t ch quyt nh hi nhp quc t. Ni cch khc, hi nhp quc t phc v cho mc tiu gi vng c lp, t ch, tc l c lp, t ch thuc nhm mc tiu, v hi nhp quc t thuc nhm cng c chnh sch. c lp, t ch l tin  ca hi nhp quc t. V, mun hi nhp quc t su rng th gc c lp dn tc phi c cng c,  diu mun bay cao th dy phi chc ; c c lp, t ch th mi lm tng gi tr ca t nc trong hi nhp, ngc li nu khng c c lp, t ch mt nc ch c th l  sn chi cho cc th lc kinh t, chnh tr trong qu trnh hi nhp. c lp, t ch quyt nh bc i hi nhp quc t. iu ny th hin mi quan h gia quyt nh ch quan vi xu th khch quan: trong khi ton cu ha l xu th khch quan, vic cc nc quyt nh mc , phm vi v bc i hi nhp l thuc yu t ch quan nm trong ch quyn ca tng nc. Hi nhp quc t cing c tc dng tr li i vi c lp, t ch. Bi v hi nhp l yu t khch quan, qu trnh hp tc cc nc khng th tuyt i ha yu t c lp t ch, ngc li hi nhp buc cc nc phi iu chnh chnh sch, phi chp nhn nhng rng buc bi cc iu khon quc t v cc hnh vi ca mnh do s hp tc mang li, khng th t lm iu mnh mun hoc khng m xa n li ch ca nc khc. Qu trnh m ca hi nhp quc t cn nu cao cnh gic, vn dng cc hnh thc u tranh thch hp nhm ngn nga, cc hot ng ln chim lnh th, vng bin, hi o, thm nhp, chn p kinh t, tc ng ni b, gy nh hng cc quan im v chnh tr, x hi, kinh t, vn ha, qun s, i ngoi... khng ph hp vi con ng c lp dn tc v ch ngh)a x hi  nc ta. Bn cnh , i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh phi tip tc u tranh vi cc i tng khc c hot ng phng hi n an ninh quc gia. 2.3. Mt s gii php nng cao hiu qu i ngoi gn vi quc phng - an ninh trong tnh hnh mi Mt l, bo m s lnh o v qun l thng nht ca ng v Nh nc v i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh Tng cng s lnh o ca ng l mt trong nhng nhn t c bn bo m thc hin thng li gn i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh. ng phi xc nh ng li, ch trng v nguyn tc t chc lc lng; t chc b my qun l, iu hnh; hoch nh phng thc, c ch lnh o ca ng, qun l, iu hnh ca Nh nc i vi vic i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh ph hp vi iu kin mi ca t nc, khu vc v th gii. ng lnh o Nh nc th ch ho ng li, ch trng, chnh sch i ngoi, quc phng, an ninh thnh cc vn bn lut php, quy hoch, k hoch, chnh sch, c ch  xy dng, cng c, vn hnh qu trnh i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh trn phm vi c nc. ng nh ra ng li, ch trng cng tc o to, bi dng i ngi cn b trong l)nh vc i ngoi, quc phng, an ninh; gim st vic thc hin ch trng  nhm o to, bi dng i ngi cn b tuyt i trung thnh vi s nghip cch mng ca ng v nhn dn, c  phm cht p ng yu cu nhim v i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh trong tnh hnh mi. Tng cng qun l nh nc v i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh theo chc nng, nhim v, quyn hn v phm vi ca mi c quan bo m i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh phi c tin hnh thng xuyn, ton din. y l vn  c ngh)a quyt nh i vi vic gn hot ng i ngoi vi nhim v cng c quc phng, an ninh trong thi k mi. i ngoi, quc phng, an ninh u l nhng  binh chng ch lc ca cch mng v s kt hp ca cc  binh chng ny phi c thc hin trong tng th ca mt chin lc chung, t di s lnh o ca ng, s qun l thng nht ca Nh nc, bo m nhng yu cu ring v mi quan h tc ng thc y ln nhau ca cc thnh t. Hot ng i ngoi ngy nay din ra a dng, a tng, vi s tham gia ca nhiu i tng, hng n nhiu i tc khc nhau, trn nhiu l)nh vc v a bn rng khp. S lnh o v qun l thng nht bo m cho tt c cc lc lng tham gia hot ng i ngoi thc hin ng ng li v ch trng ca ng v Nh nc, hip ng hi ha, hp tc cht ch, b sung v h tr cho nhau. Nhng li ch, yu cu v c th ring ca tng ngnh, tng a phng va c lu tha ng li va c gn kt vi nhau ch khng mu thun vi nhau. Kt qu ca s gn kt ny l th trn i ngoi, kinh t, quc phng v an ninh di s lnh o ca ng v qun l ca Nh nc. Thng nht qun l i ngoi s pht huy c tc dng ca khi i on kt ton dn tc, cng hng c sc mnh ca tt c cc b, ban, ngnh v a phng, t chc, c nhn tham gia vo hot ng i ngoi. Hai l, qu trnh gn kt i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh phi bo m pht huy ni lc, tng cng sc mnh tng hp ca khi i on kt ton dn tc, ca c h thng chnh tr, tranh th c sc mnh thi i, kt hp sc mnh thi i vi sc mnh ca dn tc, pht huy sc mnh ca lc lng v th trn i ngoi - quc phng - an ninh cho s nghip xy dng v bo v T quc S nghip chnh ngh)a ca cch mng, quan im, ng li chin lc bo v T quc ca ng thi k mi c c th ha trong chnh sch quc phng ton dn, an ninh nhn dn bo v T quc, trong chnh sch i ngoi c lp, t ch, a dng ha, a phng ha quan h quc t, trn tinh thn  Vit Nam sn sng l bn, l i tc tin cy ca cng ng quc t, phn u v ha bnh, hp tc v pht trin.Trong x l cc vn  quan h quc t,  k tha truyn thng qu bu ca cha ng  ly i ngh)a thng hung tn, ly ch nhn thay cng bo ,  thm bn bt th ,  ly nh thng ln ..., vn dng sng to ch ngh)a Mc, Lnin, t tng, phong cch ngoi giao H Ch Minh, s lnh o sng sut ca ng, kin nh nguyn tc c lp dn tc v CNXH, nhng linh hat, sng to,  d) bt bin, ng vn bin . Nh vy, n nay, chng ta  thit lp quan h ngoi giao vi 168 nc v thng mi vi 150 nc, vi tt c cc nc ln, cc trung tm, cc t chc chnh tr - kinh t ln trn th gii;  k kt v trin khai thc hin hiu qu hng nghn hip nh hp tc trn cc l)nh vc  cp Nh nc v Chnh ph... Trong lch s, cha bao gi Vit Nam c c v th quc t cao nh hin nay. Chng ta  to c mt khun kh php l bo m tnh lu bn, hiu qu ca cc mi quan h hp tc vi nc ngoi, rt cn thit cho vic to dng mt mi trng quc t thun li, phc v cho pht trin kinh t - x hi, cng c th trn quc phng ton dn, th trn an ninh nhn dn ca c nc, gp phn tch cc vo s nghip xy dng t nc v bo v vng chc thnh qu cch mng trc mi bin c ca thi i. Ba l, xy dng v hon thin h thng php lut, c ch chnh sch v i ngoi gn kt vi quc phng, an ninh Php lut, c ch chnh sch v i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh phi th hin r ng li ca ng v i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh trong thi k mi trn mi l)nh vc ca i sng x hi, to ra hnh lang php l m bo cho i ngoi v quc phng, an ninh thng xuyn lin tc c gn kt cht ch vi nhau, to sc mnh tng hp thc hin mc tiu chung ca ca quc gia kp thi pht hin v a ra nhng quyt sch nhm gii quyt tt nhng vng mc, bt cp pht sinh trong qu trnh thc hin gn i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh trong tt c mi l)nh vc ca i sng x hi. C ch, chnh sch, php lut  sc mnh  tp hp lc lng trong c nc m v to kh nng thu ht, tp trung ng o ngi Vit Nam  nc ngoi, lc lng tin b trn th gii ng tnh ng h ta trong s nghip xy dng v bo v T quc, trong vic thc hin i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh. C ch, chnh sch, php lut phi phn nh c nhu cu khch quan, gii quyt kp thi mu thun t ra trong thc tin qu trnh kt hp  to ra ng lc thc y qu trnh gn kt gia i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh. V vy, c ch, chnh sch, php lut phi bm st thc tin qu trnh kt hp i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh, kp thi ch ra nhng mu thun, bt cp ny sinh trong qu trnh ny v  ra cch gii quyt hiu qu. Nhng quyt sch nhm gii quyt mu thun, bt cp xut hin trong qu trnh thc hin i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh phi bo m gii quyt mt cch ton din t mu thun li ch, mc tiu, la chn ni dung, phng thc thc hin i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh. Xy dng v hon thin c ch chnh sch, php lut phi hng vo vic tp trung khai thc cc ngun lc vt cht, tinh thn trong nc v nc ngoi, bo m s hi ha cho vic thc hin c i ngoi v quc phng, an ninh.  nhng vng, a bn trng yu, cng trnh trng im phi c s u t thch hp c v quc phng, an ninh  bo m s pht trin, song cn phi gi c s cn i hi ho vi cc vng, khu vc trong c nc. C ch chnh sch, php lut lin quan n chin lc i ngoi gn vi chin lc quc phng, an ninh phi bo m hi ho gia tnh chuyn su ca mi l)nh vc vi tnh tng th ton quc gia v xu th pht trin ca thi i, ch nguyn vng, trnh d dn tr, tim nng, thc lc ca cc lc lng trong x hi, quy lut, nhu cu pht trin kinh t - x hi; gii quyt hi ho mi quan h gia tnh n nh lu di v s linh hot mm do trong qu trnh vn ng pht trin, trnh mi biu hin dp khun hoc thiu tnh n nh, p ng c yu cu thng thong, thng nht, cht ch t Trung ng ti a phng trong mi cp, mi ngnh, mi l)nh vc. Bn l, i mi thc hin phng thc i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh i mi thc hin phng thc gn kt i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh l qu trnh i mi cch thc, bin php nhm gn kt cht ch i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh trong tt c cc l)nh vc, hot ng ca i sng x hi nhm thc hin thng li ni dung v mc tiu i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh trong thi k mi. i mi thc hin cc phng thc gn kt chin lc i ngoi vi chin lc quc phng, an ninh, trc ht phi bo m pht huy c li th, hn ch c im yu, nhn ln sc mnh ca mi l)nh vc, mi hot ng, pht huy c mt thng nht, khc phc nhng mt bt ng, bo m cho mi lc lng, mi tng lp trong x hi c tham gia nhm khai thc ti a mi ngun lc vt cht, tinh thn, pht huy tnh c lp, t ch, sng to ca cc lc lng tham gia trn c s bm st mc tiu, ni dung yu cu chung ca i ngoi v quc phng, an ninh trong tnh hnh mi. Thc hin ng b i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh trong pht trin kinh t - x hi, trong thc hin cc nhim v bo v T quc, trong m rng quan h i ngoi,  mi cp, mi ngnh t Trung ng n a phng  to nn s bin chuyn trong ton b mi hot ng ca i sng x hi trong thc hin nhim v i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh trong thi k mi. Gn kt cht ch thc hin i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh trong pht trin kinh t - x hi, trong thc hin cc nhim v bo v T quc, trong m rng quan h i ngoi,  mi cp, mi ngnh t Trung ng n a phng  to nn s tc ng tng hp gia cc phng thc to nn sc mnh tng hp lm chuyn bin vic thc hin nhim v i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh trong thi k mi. Ly i mi thc hin phng thc gn kt i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh trong pht trin kinh t - x hi lm nn tng  to ra tin  vt cht vng chc nhm thc hin thng li mc tiu ca i ngoi en vi quc phng, an ninh trong cng cuc xy dng v bo v T quc. Ly i mi thc hin phng thc gn kt i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh trong thc hin nhim v bo v T quc v m rng quan h quc t l trng tm, trng im  trin khai trc tip v lm nng ct cho cc l)nh vc khc tc hin tt nhim v i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh. Ly i mi thc hin phng thc gn kt i ngoi vi quc phng, an ninh trong cc cp, cc ngnh t Trung ng n a phng  tp hp v pht huy rng ri, ng o sc mnh ca ton x hi tham gia thc hin nhim v i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh trong tnh hnh mi. Nm l, to c s thng nht quan im trong nh gi tnh hnh quc t, khu vc, trong xc nh i tng v i tc, xc nh thi c v thch thc, nguy c e da n an ninh quc gia Trong bi cnh tnh hnh quc t, khu vc v trong nc tip tc din bin phc tp, nhim v bo v T quc t ra nhng yu cu mi nng n hn.  qun trit v trin khai hiu qu cc ch trng, ng li, chnh sch quc phng - an ninh - i ngoi ca ng v Nh nc, mt vn  t ra l phi to c s thng nht quan im trong nh gi tnh hnh quc t, khu vc, trong xc nh i tng v i tc, xc nh thi c v thch thc, nguy c e da n an ninh quc gia..., lm c s cho vic tham mu hoch nh chin lc v t chc trin khai thc hin nhim v c giao.  lm c iu ny, cc ban, ngnh, a phng ca c nc, nht l cc ngnh i ngoi, Quc phng, An ninh cn tng cng trao i thng tin, phi hp nghin cu c bn v phn tch, d bo chin lc v tnh hnh quc t, khu vc, chiu hng vn ng ca cc mi quan h quc t, ca thi i; m mu, th on chin lc  din bin ha bnh , bo lon lt , gy xung t chnh tr-qun s chng ph cch mng nc ta ca cc th lc th ch, t  c k hoch phi hp i ph thch hp, kp thi v hiu qu, gp phn a s nghip cch mng nc nh vt qua mi kh khn, th thch, tin ti thnh cng. VN  NGHIN CU 1. Ni dung c bn ng li, chnh sch i ngoi ca ng, Nh nc ta hin nay. 2. S cn thit, ni dung, phng thc v cc gii php c bn kt hp cng tc i ngoi vi quc phng - an ninh trong tnh hnh mi. 3. Lin h vi chc trch, nhim v ca c quan v i ngi cn b trong h thng chnh tr hin nay. TI LIU THAM KHO Ban T tng - Vn ha Trung ng, Ti liu hc tp Ngh quyt Hi ngh ln th tm Ban Chp hnh Trung ng ng kho IX, Nxb Chnh tr quc gia, H Ni, 2003. C.Mc v Ph.ngghen, Ton tp, tp 20, Nxb Chnh tr quc gia, H Ni, 1994.  Cng tc i ngoi gn vi quc phng, an ninh trong tnh hnh mi , Ti liu dng cho bi dng kin thc quc phng - an ninh i tng 2, khi b, ngnh Trung ng, B Tng tham mu, 2011. Thiu tng, PGS. TS. L Vn Cng,  My suy ngh) v kt hp an ninh vi quc phng trong tnh hnh mi , Tp ch Quc phng ton dn, s ra thng 1/2011. ng Cng sn Vit Nam, Ngh quyt 13 ca B Chnh tr kha VI, Nxb Chnh tr quc gia, H Ni. ng Cng sn Vit Nam, Vn kin i hi ng thi k i mi, Nxb Chnh tr quc gia, H Ni, 2005. ng Cng sn Vit Nam, Vn kin i hi i biu ton quc ln th X, Nxb Chnh tr quc gia, H Ni, 2006. ng cng sn Vit Nam, Vn kin i hi i biu ln th XI, Nxb Chnh tr quc gia, H Ni, 2011. Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng, Nxb Qun i nhn dn, H Ni, 2006. Gio trnh Quan h quc t, Nxb Qun i nhn dn, H Ni, 2011. Gio trnh bi dng kin thc quc phng - an ninh i tng 2 khi B, ngnh Trung ng, tp 1, Nxb Qun i nhn dn, H Ni, 2012. H Ch Minh, Ton tp, tp 4, tp 5, Nxb Chnh tr quc gia, H Ni, 1995. i t, TS. Nguyn Vit Hin,   HYPERLINK "http://tapchiqptd.vn/trang-chu/tien-toi-dai-hoi-xi-cua-dang/847-kt-hp-quc-phong-an-ninh-i-ngoi-trong-xay-dng-va-bo-v-t-quc-hin-nay-.html" Kt hp quc phng, an ninh, i ngoi trong xy dng v bo v T quc hin nay , Tp ch Quc phng ton dn, s ra ngy 12/9/2011. Tm hiu mt s thut ng trong vn kin i hi XI ca ng, Nxb Chnh tr quc gia, H Ni, 2011.  ng Cng sn Vit Nam, Vn Kin i hi i biu ton quc ln th XI, Nxb Chnh tr quc gia, H Ni, 2011, tr. 83-84.   Thng bo Hi ngh ln th tm Ban Chp hnh Trung ng ng kha XI , Bo Qun i nhn dn, s ra ngy 10/10/2013, tr. 5.  Tm hiu mt s thut ng trong vn kin i hi XI ca ng, Nxb Chnh tr quc gia, H Ni, 2011, tr. 63.  ng Cng sn Vit Nam, Vn kin i hi i biu ton quc ln th X, Nxb Chnh tr quc gia, H Ni, 2006, tr 112.  ng Cng sn Vit Nam, Vn kin i hi i biu ton quc ln th XI, Nxb Chnh tr quc gia, H Ni, 2011, tr 236.  ng Cng sn Vit Nam, Vn kin i hi i biu ton quc ln th XI, Nxb Chnh tr quc gia, H Ni, 2011, tr. 235.  ng Cng sn Vit Nam, Vn kin i hi i biu ton quc ln th XI, Nxb Chnh tr quc gia, H Ni, 2011, tr. 238.  ng Cng sn Vit Nam, Vn kin i hi i biu ton quc ln th XI, Nxb Chnh tr quc gia, H Ni, 2011, tr 237.  ng Cng sn Vit Nam, Vn kin i hi i biu ton quc ln th XI, Nxb Chnh tr quc gia, H Ni, 2011, tr. 237.  ng Cng sn Vit Nam, Vn kin i hi i biu ton quc ln th XI, Nxb Chnh tr quc gia, H Ni, 2011, tr. 236.  ng Cng sn Vit Nam, Vn kin i hi i biu ton quc ln th XI, Nxb Chnh tr quc gia, H Ni, 2011, tr. 238.  Gio trnh Bi dng kin thc quc phng, an ninh i tng 2 khi B, ngnh Trung ng, Tp 1, Nxb Qun i nhn dn, H Ni, 2012.  ng Cng sn Vit Nam, Vn kin i hi i biu ton quc ln th XI, Nxb Chnh tr quc gia, H Ni, 2011, tr 83, 84.  Ban T tng - Vn ha Trung ng, Ti liu hc tp Ngh quyt Hi ngh ln th tm Ban Chp hnh Trung ng ng kho IX, Nxb Chnh tr quc gia, H Ni, 2003, tr. 46.  ng Cng sn Vit Nam, Vn kin i hi ng thi k i mi, Nxb Chnh tr quc gia, H Ni, 2005, tr. 326.  ng Cng sn Vit Nam, Vn kin i hi i biu ton quc ln th XI, Nxb Chnh tr quc gia, H Ni, 2011, tr. 236.  a ng C#ng sa n Vi#t Nam, Vn ki#n a#i h#i a#i bi u toan quc ln th XI, Nxb Chnh tr quc gia, H Ni, 2011, tr. 81-82.   Pht biu ca Tng b th Nguyn Ph Trng b mc Hi ngh Ban Chp hnh Trung ng ln th tm (kha XI) ngy 09/10/2013 , Bo Qun i nhn dn, s ra ngy 10/10/2013, tr. 4.     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