ࡱ> #` bjbjmm 4*{d D)2Z)))))))$*h@-|')9!!!')`)C%C%C%!)C%!)C%C%(a(N t]!-(}(v)0)5(,-9%-a(-a(V@C%4#')')9% )!!!! Bi 5 MT S NI DUNG C BN V DN TC, TN GIO V U TRANH PHNG CHNG CH LI DNG VN  DN TC V TN GIO CHNG PH CNH MNG VIT NAM I MC CH, YU CU - Mc ch: Trang b cho sinh vin nhng kin thc chung, c bn nht v dn tc, tn gio, gii quyt vn  dn tc, tn gio theo quan im ca ch ngh)a Mc-Lnin, t tng H Ch Minh v quan im, chnh sch ca ng, Nh nc ta hin nay. - Yu cu: Nng cao nhn thc v quan im, chnh sch dn tc, tn gio ca ng, Nh nc ta,  cao cnh gic trong u tranh phng chng s li dng vn  dn tc, tn gio ca cc th lc th ch. II. NI DUNG 1. Mt s vn  c bn v dn tc a) Mt s vn  chung v dn tc Khi nim: Dn tc l cng ng ngi n nh, hnh thnh trong lch s to lp mt quc gia, trn c s cng ng bn vng v: lnh th quc gia, kinh t, ngn ng, truyn thng, vn ho, c im tm l, thc v dn tc v tn gi ca dn tc. Khi nim c hiu: + Cc thnh vin cng dn tc s dng mt ngn ng chung  giao tip ni b dn tc. Cc thnh vin cng chung nhng c im sinh hot vn ho vt cht, vn ha tinh thn, to nn bn sc vn ho dn tc . + Dn tc c hiu theo ngh)a cng ng quc gia dn tc, l mt cng ng chnh tr  x hi, c ch o bi mt nh nc, thit lp trn mt lnh th chung nh: dn tc Vit Nam, dn tc Trung Hoa& Tnh hnh quan h dn tc trn th gii: Hin nay, trc s tc ng ca cch mng khoa hc cng ngh, xu th ton cu ho kinh t din ra mnh m, lm cho quan h giai cp, dn tc din bin phc tp, kh lng. Nh ng ta  nhn nh: trn th gii, ho bnh, hp tc v pht trin vn l xu th ln trong quan h gia cc dn tc. Ton cu ho v cc vn  ton cu lm cho s hiu bit ln nhau v s ph thuc ln nhau gia cc dn tc tng ln, thc y xu th khu vc ho. ng thi cc dn tc  cao thc c lp, t ch, t lc t cng, chng can thip p t v cng quyn. Mt khc, quan h dn tc, sc tc hin nay trn th gii vn din ra rt phc tp, nng bng  c phm vi quc gia, khu vc v quc t. Mu thun, xung t dn tc, sc tc, xu hng li khai, chia r dn tc ang din ra khp cc quc gia, cc khu vc, cc chu lc trn th gii. Vn  quan h dn tc, sc tc  gy nn nhng hu qu nng n v kinh t, chnh tr, vn ho, x hi, mi trng cho cc quc gia, e da ha bnh, an ninh khu vc v th gii. Quan im ch ngh)a Mc  Lnin, t tng H Ch Minh v dn tc v gii quyt vn  dn tc. - Quan im ch ngh)a Mc-Lnin v dn tc v gii quyt vn  dn tc + Vn  dn tc l nhng ni dung ny sinh trong quan h gia cc dn tc din ra trn mi l)nh vc i sng x hi tc ng xu n mi dn tc v quan h gia cc dn tc, cc quc gia dn tc vi nhau cn phi gii quyt. + Vn  dn tc cn tn ti lu di. Bi do dn s v trnh  pht trin kinh t-x hi gia cc dn tc khng u nhau; do s khc bit v li ch; do s khc bit v ngn ng; vn ho, tm l; do tn d t tng dn tc ln, dn tc hp hi, t ti dn tc; do thiu st, hn ch trong hoch nh, thc thi chnh sch kinh t-x hi ca nh nc cm quyn; do s thng tr, kch ng chia r ca cc th lc phn ng i vi nh nc cc dn tc. + Vn  dn tc l vn  chin lc ca cch mng x hi ch ngh)a. Vn  dn tc gn kt cht ch vi cc vn  giai cp. Gii quyt vn  dn tc va l mc tiu va l ng lc ca cch mng x hi ch ngh)a. Gii quyt vn  dn tc theo quan im ca V.I.Lnin.  l cc dn tc hon ton bnh ng, cc dn tc c quyn t quyt, lin hip giai cp cng nhn tt c cc dn tc. + Cc dn tc hon ton bnh ng l cc dn tc khng phn bit ln, nh, trnh  pht trin cao hay thp, u c quyn li v ngh)a v ngang nhau trn mi l)nh vc trong quan h gia cc dn tc trong quc gia a dn tc v gia cc quc gia dn tc vi nhau trong quan h quc t. Quyn bnh ng dn tc phi c php lut ho v thc hin trn thc t. y l quyn thing ling, l c s  thc hin quyn dn tc t quyt, xy dng quan h hu ngh hp tc gia cc dn tc. + Cc dn tc c quyn t quyt, l quyn lm ch vn mnh ca mi dn tc: quyn t quyt nh ch  chnh tr, con ng pht trin ca dn tc mnh, bao gm c quyn t do phn lp thnh quc gia ring v quyn t nguyn lin hip vi cc dn tc khc trn c s bnh ng, t nguyn, ph hp vi li ch chnh ng ca cc dn tc. Kin quyt u tranh chng vic li dng quyn t quyt  can thip, chia r, ph hoi khi i on kt dn tc. + Lin hip cng nhn tt c cc dn tc l s on kt cng nhn cc dn tc trong phm vi quc gia v quc t v c s on kt quc t ca cc dn tc, cc lc lng cch mng di s lnh o ca giai cp cng nhn  gii quyt tt vn  dn tc, giai cp, quc t. - T tng H Ch Minh v vn  dn tc v gii quyt vn  dn tc. Trung thnh vi quan im ch ngh)a Mc-Lnin, bm st thc tin cch mng, c im cc dn tc  Vit Nam, Ch tch H Ch Minh  c quan im dn tc ng n, gp phn cng c ton ng, lnh o nhn dn ta gii phng dn tc; xy dng, cng c khi i on kt dn tc v on kt quc t ca dn tc Vit Nam. T tng v dn tc v gii quyt vn  dn tc ca H Ch Minh v ni dung ton din, phong ph, su sc, khoa hc v cch mng;  l nhng lun im c bn ch o, lnh o nhn dn ta thc hin thng li s nghip gii phng dn tc, bo v c lp dn tc; xy dng quan h tt p gia cc dn tc trong i gia nh cc dn tc Vit Nam v gia dn tc Vit Nam vi cc quc gia dn tc trn th gii. Khi t quc b thc dn Php xm lc,  h, H Ch Minh  tm ra con ng cu nc, cng ng Cng sn Vit Nam t chc, lnh o nhn dn u tranh gii phng dn tc, lp nn nc Vit Nam dn ch cng ho. Khi T quc c c lp, t do, Ngi  cng ton ng lnh o nhn dn xy dng mi quan h mi, tt p gia cc dn tc: bnh ng, on kt, tn trng v gip  nhau cng pht trin i ln con ng m no, hnh phc. Ngi rt quan tm chm sc nng cao i sng vt cht, tinh thn ca ng bo cc dn tc thiu s, quan tm xy dng i ngi cn b lm cng tc dn tc. Ln n, vch trn mi m mu th on li dng vn  dn tc  chia r, ph hoi khi i on kt ca dn tc Vit Nam b- c im cc dn tc  Vit nam v quan im chnh sch dn tc ca ng v Nh nc ta hin nay Khi qut c im cc dn tc  nc ta hin nay: Vit Nam l mt quc gia dn tc thng nht gm 54 dn tc cng sinh sng. Cc dn tc  Vit Nam c c trng sau: Mt l, cc dn tc  Vit Nam c truyn thng on kt gn b xy dng quc gia dn tc thng nht. y l c im ni bt trong quan h gia cc dn tc  Vit Nam. Trong lch s dng nc v gi nc ca dn tc ta, do yu cu khch quan ca cng cuc u tranh chng thin tai, ch ho dn tc ra  phi sm on kt thng nht. Cc dn tc  Vit Nam u c chung ci ngun, chu nh hng chung ca iu kin t nhin, x hi, chung vn mnh dn tc, chung li ch c bn- quyn c tn ti, pht trin. on kt thng nht  tr thnh gi tr tinh thn tuyn thng qu bu ca dn tc, l sc mnh  dn tc ta tip tc xy dng v pht trin t nc. Hai l, cc dn tc thiu s  Vit Nam c tr phn tn v xen k trn a bn rng ln, ch yu l min ni, bin gii, hi o. Khng c dn tc thiu s no c tr duy nht trn mt a bn m khng xen k vi mt vi dn tc khc. Nhiu tnh min ni cc dn tc thiu s chim a s nh: Cao Bng, Lng Sn, Tuyn Quang, Lo Cai, Sn La, Lai Chu& Ba l, cc dn tc  nc ta c quy m dn s v trnh  pht trin khng u. Theo s liu tng iu tra dn s nm 2009, dn s ca Vit Nam l 85.789.573 ngi, tng 9,47 triu ngi so vi nm 1999 . Dn s Vit Nam gm 54 dn tc. Dn tc ng nht l dn tc HYPERLINK "http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_Kinh" \o "Ngi Kinh"Kinh (Vit), chim 86,2% dn s. Cc dn tc thiu s ng dn nht: HYPERLINK "http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_T%C3%A0y" \o "Ngi Ty"Ty, HYPERLINK "http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_Th%C3%A1i" \o "Ngi Thi"Thi, HYPERLINK "http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_M%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dng" \o "Ngi Mng"Mng, HYPERLINK "http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_Khmer" \o "Ngi Khmer"Khmer, HYPERLINK "http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_Hoa" \o "Ngi Hoa"Hoa, HYPERLINK "http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_N%C3%B9ng" \o "Ngi Nng"Nng, HYPERLINK "http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_Hm%C3%B4ng" \o "Ngi Hmng"Hmng, HYPERLINK "http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_Dao" \o "Ngi Dao"ngi Dao, HYPERLINK "http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_Giarai" \o "Ngi Giarai"Giarai, HYPERLINK "http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_%C3%8A%C4%91%C3%AA" \o "Ngi " , HYPERLINK "http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_Ch%C4%83m" \o "Ngi Chm"Chm, HYPERLINK "http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_S%C3%A1n_D%C3%ACu" \o "Ngi Sn Du"Sn Du. a s cc dn tc ny sng  min ni v vng su vng xa  min Bc, HYPERLINK "http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A2y_Nguy%C3%AAn" \o "Ty Nguyn"Ty Nguyn v HYPERLINK "http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%93ng_b%E1%BA%B1ng_s%C3%B4ng_C%E1%BB%ADu_Long" \o "ng bng sng Cu Long"ng bng sng Cu Long. Cui cng l cc dn tc HYPERLINK "http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_Br%C3%A2u" \o "Ngi Bru"Bru, HYPERLINK "http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_%C6%A0_%C4%91u" \o "Ngi  u" u v HYPERLINK "http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_R%C6%A1_M%C4%83m" \o "Ngi R Mm"R Mm ch c trn 300 ngi. Trnh  pht trin kinh t  x hi gia cc dn tc khng u nhau. C dn tc  t trnh  pht trin cao, i sng tng i kh nh dn tc Kinh, Hoa, Ty, Mng, Thi& , nhng cing c dn tc trnh  pht trin thp, i sng cn nhiu kh khn nh cc dn tc  Ty Bc, Trng Sn, Ty Nguyn& Bn l, mi dn tc  Vit nam u c sc thi vn ho ring, gp phn lm nn s a dng, phong ph, thng nht ca vn ho Vit Nam. Cc dn tc u c sc thi vn ha v nh ca, n mc, ngn ng, phong tc tp qun, tn ngng, tn gio v thc dn tc ring, gp phn to nn s a dng, phong ph ca vn ha Vit Nam. ng thi cc dn tc cing c im chung thng nht v vn ho, ngn ng, phong tc tp qun, tn ngng tn gio, thc quc gia dn tc. S thng nht trong a dng l c trng ca vn ho cc dn tc  Vit Nam. Quan im, chnh sch dn tc ca ng, Nh nc ta hin nay - Trong cc giai on cch mng, ng ta lun c quan im nht qun:  Thc hin chnh sch bnh ng, on kt, tng tr gia cc dn tc, to mi iu kin  cc dn tc pht trin i ln con ng vn minh, tin b, gn b mt thit vi s pht trin chung ca cng ng cc dn tc Vit Nam . Cng tc dn tc  nc ta hin nay, ng, Nh nc ta tp trung: - Khc phc s cch bit v trnh  pht trin kinh t  x hi gia cc dn tc; nng cao i sng ng bo cc dn tc thiu s, gi gn v pht huy bn sc vn ho dn tc, chng t tng dn tc ln, dn tc hp hi, k th, chia r dn tc, li dng vn  dn tc  gy mt n nh chnh tr  x hi, chng ph cch mng; thc hin bnh ng, on kt, tn trng gip  nhau cng tin b gia cc dn tc  Vit Nam u pht trin, m no, hnh phc. - Vn kin i hi X ch r quan im, chnh sch dn tc ca ng, Nh nc ta hin nay l:  Vn  dn tc v on kt cc dn tc c v tr chin lc lu di trong s nghip cch mng nc ta. Cc dn tc trong i gia nh Vit Nam bnh ng, on kt, tn trng v gip  nhau cng tin b; cng nhau thc hin thng li s nghip cng nghip ho, hin i ho t nc, xy dng v bo v T quc Vit Nam x hi ch ngh)a. Pht trin kinh t, chm lo i sng vt cht v tinh thn, xo i gim ngho, nng cao trnh  dn tr, gi gn v pht huy bn sc vn ho, ting ni, ch vit v truyn thng tt p ca cc dn tc. Thc hin tt chin lc pht trin kinh t- x hi  min ni, vng su, vng xa, vng bin gii, vng cn c cch mng ; lm tt cng tc nh canh, nh c v xy dng vng kinh t mi. Quy hoch, phn b, sp xp li dn c, gn pht trin kinh t vi bo m an ninh, quc phng. Cng c v nng cao cht lng h thng chnh tr  c s vng ng bo dn tc thiu s. Thc hin chnh sch u tin trong o to, bi dng cn b, tr thc l ngi dn tc thiu s. Cn b cng tc  vng dn tc thiu s v min ni phi gn gii, hiu phong tc tp qun, ting ni ca ng bo dn tc, lm tt cng tc dn vn. Chng cc biu hin k th, hp hi, chia r dn tc . Mt s vn  c bn v tn gio a)Mt s vn  chung v tn gio - Khi nim tn gio: Tn gio l mt hnh thc thc x hi, phn nh hin thc khch quan, theo quan nim hoang ng, o tng ph hp vi tm l, hnh vi ca con ngi. + Trong i sng x hi, tn gio l mt cng ng x hi, vi cc yu t: H thng gio l tn gio, nghi l tn gio vi i ngi gio s) v tn , c s vt cht phc v cho hot ng tn gio. + Cn phn bit tn gio vi m tn d oan. M tn d oan l nhng hin tng ( thc, hnh vi) cung vng ca con ngi n mc m mui, tri vi l phi v hnh vi o c, vn ho cng ng, gy hu qu tiu cc trc tip n i sng vt cht tinh thn ca c nhn, cng ng x hi. y l mt hin tng x hi, tiu cc, phi kin quyt bi tr, nhm lnh mnh ho i sng tinh thn x hi. - Ngun gc ca tn gio C ngun gc t cc yu t kinh t-x hi, nhn thc v tm l. + Ngun gc kinh t-x hi: Trong x hi nguyn thu, do trnh  lc lng sn xut thp km, con ngi cm thy yu ui, l thuc v bt lc trc t nhin. V vy h  gn cho t nhin nhng lc lng siu t nhin c sc mnh, quyn lc to ln, quyt nh n cuc sng v h phi tn th. Khi x hi c giai cp i khng, nn p bc, bc lt, bt cng ca giai cp thng tr i vi nhn dn lao ng l ngun gc ny sinh tn gio.V.I.Lnin  vit:  S bt lc ca giai cp b bc lt trong cuc u tranh chng bn bc lt tt nhin  ra lng tin vo mt cuc i tt p hn  th gii bn kia . Hin nay, con ngi vn cha hon ton lm ch t nhin v x hi; cc cuc xung t giai cp, dn tc, tn gio, thin tai, bnh tt, & vn cn din ra nn vn cn ngun gc  tn gio tn ti. + Ngun gc nhn thc ca tn gio. Tn gio bt ngun t s nhn thc hn hp, m h v t nhin, x hi c lin quan n i sng, s phn ca con ngi. Con ngi  gn cho n nhng sc mnh siu nhin, to ra cc biu tng tn gio. Mt khc, trong qu trnh bin chng ca nhn thc, con ngi ny sinh nhng yu t suy din, tng tng xa l vi hin thc khch quan hnh thnh nn cc biu tng tn gio. + Ngun gc tm l ca tn gio. Tnh cm, cm xc tm trng lo u, s hi, bun chn, tuyt vng  dn con ngi n s khut phc, khng lm ch c bn thn l c s tm l  hnh thnh tn gio. Mt khc, lng bit n vi nhng ngi c cng khai ph t nhin v chng li cc th lc p bc trong tnh cm, tm l con ngi cing l c s  tn gio ny sinh.. - Tnh cht ca tn gio: Cing nh cc hnh thi thc x hi khc, tn gio c tnh lch s, tnh qun chng, tnh chnh tr. + Tnh lch s ca tn gio : Tn gio ra i, tn ti v bin i phn nh v ph thuc vo s vn ng, pht trin ca x hi. 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Tn gio  tr thnh nhu cu tinh thn, c tin, li sng ca mt b phn dn c. Hin nay, mt b phn khng nh qun chng nhn dn tin theo cc tn gio. + Tnh chnh tr ca tn gio : Xut hin khi x hi  phn chia giai cp. Giai cp thng tr  li dng tn gio lm cng c h tr  thng tr p bc bc lt v m hoc qun chng. Nhng cuc chin tranh tn gio  v ang xy ra, thc cht vn l xut pht t li ch ca nhng lc lng x hi khc nhau li dng tn gio  thc hin mc tiu chnh tr ca mnh. b) Tnh hnh tn gio trn th gii v quan im ch ngh)a Mc  Lnin v gii quyt vn  tn gio trong cch mng x hi ch ngh)a - Tnh hnh tn gio trn th gii Theo t in bch khoa tn gio th gii nm 2001, hin nay trn th gii c ti 10.000 tn gio khc nhau, trong  c khong 150 tn gio c hn 1 triu tn . Nhng tn gio ln trn th gii hin nay c : Kit gio (bao gm Cng gio, Tin Lnh, Anh gio hay Chnh thng gio) c khong hn 2 t tn , chim 33% dn s th gii ; Hi gio : 1,3 t tn , chim 22% dn s th gii ;n  gio : 900 triu tn  chim 15% dn s th gii v Pht gio hn 360 triu, chim 6% dn s th gii. Nh vy, ch tnh cc tn gio ln  c hn 4,2 t ngi tin theo, chim 76% dn s th gii. HYPERLINK "http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kit%C3%B4_gi%C3%A1o" \o "Kit gio"Kit gio 2,1 tHYPERLINK "http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o" \o "Hi gio"Hi gio 1,5 tHYPERLINK "http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BA%A4n_%C4%90%E1%BB%99_gi%C3%A1o" \o "n  gio"n  gio 900 triuHYPERLINK "http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%E1%BA%ADt_gi%C3%A1o" \o "Pht gio"Pht gio 376 triu Trong nhng nm gn y hot ng ca cc tn gio kh si ng, din ra theo nhiu xu hng. Cc tn gio u c xu hng m rng nh hng ra ton cu ; cc tn gio cing c xu hng dn tc ho, bnh dn ho, mm ho cc gii lut l nghi  thch nghi, tn ti, pht trin trong tng quc gia dn tc. - Quan im ch ngh)a Mc-Lnin v gii quyt vn  tn gio trong cch mng x hi ch ngh)a. Gii quyt vn  tn gio l mt qu trnh lu di gn vi qu trnh pht trin ca cch mng x hi ch ngh)a trn tt c cc l)nh vc kinh t, chnh tr, vn ho, gio dc, khoa hc cng ngh nhm nng cao i sng vt cht, tinh thn ca nhn dn.  gii quyt tt vn  tn gio, cn thc hin cc vn  tnh nguyn tc sau: Mt l, gii quyt vn  tn gio phi gn lin vi qu trnh ci to x hi ci, xy dng x hi mi- x hi x hi ch ngh)a. Hai l, tn trng v bo m quyn t do tn ngng v khng tn ngng ca cng dn, kin quyt bi tr m tn d oan. Ba l, qun trit quan im lch s c th khi gii quyt vn  tn gio. Bn l, phn bit r mi quan h gia hai mt chnh tr v t tng trong gii quyt vn  tn gio. c) Tnh hnh tn gio  Vit nam v chnh sch tn gio ca ng, Nh nc ta hin nay. - Khi qut tnh hnh tn gio  Vit Nam hin nay Vit Nam l quc gia c nhiu tn gio v nhiu ngi theo cc tn gio. Hin nay,  nc ta c 6 tn gio ln: Pht gio, Cng gio, Tin lnh, Hi gio, Cao i, Ho Ho vi s tn  ln ti gn 20 triu. C ngi cng lc tham gia nhiu hnh vi tn ngng, tn gio khc nhau. Hin nay  nc ta c khong gn 20triu tn  v 6 tn gio ln ang tn ti v hot ng (Ban tn gio chnh ph nm 2009) Pht gio: 10 triu( tn ) Thin cha gio: 5 triu Tin lnh: 400000 ngn o hi: 90000 ngn Cao i: 2 triu Ha ho: 1 triu Trong nhng nm gn y cc tn gio y mnh hot ng nhm pht trin t chc, pht huy nh hng trong i sng tinh thn x hi. Cc gio hi u tng cng m rng nh hng, thu ht tn ; tng cng quan h vi cc t chc tn gio th gii. Cc c s tn gio c tu b, xy dng mi khang trang p ; cc l hi tn gio din ra si ng nhiu ni. i a s tn  chc sc tn gio hot ng ng php lut, theo hng  tt i, p o . Tuy nhin tnh hnh tn gio cn c nhng din bin phc tp, tim n nhng nhn t gy mt n nh. Vn cn c chc sc, tn  mang t tng chng i, cc oan, qu khch gy tn hi n li ch dn tc; vn cn cc hot ng tn gio xen ln vi m tn d oan, cn cc hin tng t gio hot ng lm mt trt t an ton x hi. Cc th lc th ch vn lun li dng vn  tn gio  chng ph cch mng Vit Nam. Chng gn vn   dn ch ,  nhn quyn vi ci gi l  t do tn gio  chia r tn gio, dn tc; ti tr, xi gic cc phn t xu trong cc tn gio truyn o tri php, li ko cc tn gio vo nhng hot ng tri php lut, gy mt n nh chnh tr. - Quan im, chnh sch tn gio ca ng v Nh nc ta hin nay Trong cng cuc i mi hin nay, ng ta khng nh: tn gio cn tn ti lu di, cn l nhu cu tinh thn ca mt b phn nhn dn; tn gio c nhng gi tr vn ho, o c tch cc ph hp vi x hi mi; ng bo tn gio l mt b phn quan trng ca khi i on kt ton dn tc. Cng tc tn gio va quan tm gii quyt hp l nhu cu tn ngng ca qun chng, va kp thi u tranh chng ch li dng tn gio chng ph cch mng. Ni dung ct li ca cng tc tn gio l cng tc vn ng qun chng sng  tt i, p o , gp phn xy dng v bo v T quc theo Vit nam x hi ch ngh)a. Lm tt cng tc tn gio l trch nhim ca ton b h thng chnh tr do ng lnh o. V chnh sch tn gio, ng ta khng nh:  ng bo cc tn gio l b phn quan trng ca khi i on kt dn tc. Thc hin nht qun chnh sch tn trng v bo m quyn t do tn ngng, theo hoc khng theo tn gio ca cng dn, quyn sinh hot tn gip bnh thng theo php lut. on kt ng bo theo cc tn gio khc nhau, ng bo theo tn gio v khng theo tn gio. Pht huy nhng gi tr vn ho, o c tt p ca cc tn gio. ng vin gip  ng bo theo o v cc chc sc tn gio sng  tt i, p o . Cc t chc tn gio hp php hot ng theo php lut v c php lut bo h. Thc hin tt cc chng trnh pht trin kinh t  x hi, nng cao i sng vt cht, vn ho ca ng bo cc tn gio. Tng cng cng tc o to, bi dng cn b lm cng tc tn gio, u tranh ngn chn cc hot ng m tn d oan, cc hnh vi li dng tn ngng, tn gio lm phng hi n li ch chung ca t nc, vi phm quyn t do tn gio ca nhn dn . 3- u tranh phng chng ch li dng vn  dn tc v tn gio chng ph cch mng Vit Nam. a) m mu li dng vn  dn tc, tn gio chng ph cch mng Vit Nam ca cc th lc th ch. - Chng ph cch mng Vit Nam l m mu khng bao gi thay i ca cc th lc th ch. Hin nay, ch ngh)a  quc ang y mnh chin lc  Din bin ho bnh chng Vit Nam vi phng chm ly chng ph v chnh tr, t tng lm hng u, kinh t l mii nhn, ngoi giao lm hu thun, tn gio dn tc lm ngi n, kt hp vi bo lon lt , uy hip, rn e, gy sc p v qun s. - Nh vy, vn  dn tc, tn gio l mt trong nhng l)nh vc trng yu m cc th lc th ch li dng  chng ph cch mng, cng vi vic li dng trn cc l)nh vc kinh t, chnh tr, t tng  chuyn ho ch  x hi ch ngh)a  Vit Nam; xo vai tr lnh o ca ng vi ton x hi, thc hin m mu  khng nh m thng . -  thc hin m mu ch o , chng li dng vn  dn tc, tn gio nhm cc mc tiu c th sau: + Trc tip ph hoi khi i on kt dn tc, chia r dn tc a s vi dn tc thiu s v gia cc dn tc thiu s vi nhau, chia r ng bo theo tn gio v khng theo tn gio, gia cc ng bo theo cc tn gio khc nhau, hng lm suy yu khi i on kt dn tc. + Kch ng cc dn tc thiu s, tn  chc sc cc tn gio chng li chnh sch dn tc, chnh sch tn gio ca ng, Nh nc; i lp cc dn tc, cc tn gio vi s lnh o ca ng nhm xo b s lnh o ca ng vi s nghip cch mng Vit Nam; v hiu ho s qun l ca Nh nc i vi cc l)nh vc i sng x hi, gy mt n nh chnh tr  x hi, nht l vng dn tc, tn gio. Coi tn gio l lc lng i trng vi ng, nh nc ta, nn chng thng xuyn hu thun, h tr v vt cht, tinh thn  cc phn t chng i trong cc dn tc, tn gio chng i ng, Nh nc, chuyn ha ch  chnh tr  Vit Nam. + Chng to dng cc t chc phn ng trong cc dn tc thiu s, cc tn gio nh Gio hi Pht gio Vit Nam thng nht, Hi thnh Tin Lnh  Ga, Nh nc  Ga c lp, Mt trn gii phng Khme Crm, Mt trn Chmpa  tip tc chng ph cch mng Vit Nam. b) Th on li dng vn  dn tc, tn gio chng ph cch mng Vit Nam ca cc th lc th ch. Th on li dng vn  dn tc, tn gio chng ph cch mng Vit nam ca cc th lc th ch rt thm c, tinh vi, xo tr, d lm cho ngi ta tin v lm theo. Chng thng s dng chiu bi  nhn quyn ,  dn ch ,  t do ; nhng vn  lch s  li; nhng c im vn ho, tm l ca ng bo cc dn tc, cc tn gio; nhng kh khn trong i sng vt cht, tinh thn ca cc dn tc, cc tn gio; nhng thiu st trong thc hin chnh sch kinh t  x hi, chnh sch dn tc, tn gio ca ng, Nh nc ta  chng ph cch mng Vit Nam. Th on  c biu hin c th  cc dng sau: Mt l, chng tm mi cch xuyn tc ch ngh)a Mc  Lnin, t tng H Ch Minh, quan im chnh sch ca ng, Nh nc ta, m trc tip l chnh sch dn tc, tn gio ca ng, Nh nc ta. Chng li dng nhng thiu st, sai lm trong thc hin chnh sch dn tc, tn gio  gy mu thun, to c can thip vo cng vic ni b ca Vit Nam. Hai l, chng li dng nhng vn  dn tc, tn gio  kch ng t tng dn tc hp hi, dn tc cc oan, li khai, kch ng, chia r quan h lng - gio v gia cc tn gio hng lm suy yu khi i on kt dn tc. Ba l, chng tp trung ph hoi cc c s kinh t, x hi; mua chuc, li ko, p buc ng bo cc dn tc, tn gio chng i chnh quyn, vt bin tri php, gy mt n nh chnh tr  x hi, bo lon, to cc im nng  vu khng Vit Nam n p cc dn tc, cc tn gio vi phm dn ch, nhn quyn  c lp, lm suy yu cch mng Vit Nam Bn l, chng tm mi cch  xy dng, nui dng cc t chc phn ng ngi Vit Nam  nc ngoi; tp hp, ti tr, ch o lc lng phn ng trong cc dn tc, cc tn gio  trong nc hot ng chng ph cch mng Vit Nam nh : truyn o tri php   tn gio ho cc vng dn tc, li ko, tranh ginh ng bo dn tc, gy i trng vi ng, chnh quyn. in hnh l cc v bo lon  Ty Nguyn nm 2001, 2004, vic truyn o Tin Lnh tri php vo cc vng dn tc thiu s  Ty Bc, Ty Nguyn. c) Gii php u tranh phng, chng s li dng vn  dn tc, tn gio chng ph cch mng Vit Nam ca cc th lc th ch.  v hiu ho s li dng cc vn  dn tc, tn gio  Vit Nam ca cc th lc th ch th gii php chung c bn nht l thc hin tt chnh sch pht trin kinh t  x hi, m trc tip l chnh sch dn tc, tn gio, nng cao i sng vt cht, tinh thn ca nhn dn cc dn tc, cc tn gio, cng c xy dng khi i on kt ton dn tc, thc hin thng li cng cuc i mi, theo mc tiu dn giu, nc mnh, x hi cng bng, dn ch vn minh. Hin nay, cn tp trung vo nhng gii php c th sau: - Mt l, ra sc tuyn truyn, qun trit quan im, chnh sch dn tc, tn gio ca ng, Nh nc; v m mu, th on li dng vn  dn tc, tn gio chng ph cch mng Vit Nam ca cc th lc th ch cho ton dn. y l gii php u tin, rt quan trng. Ch trn c s nng cao nhn thc, t tng ca c h thng chnh tr, ca ton dn m trc tip l ca ng bo cc dn tc tn gio v cc ni dung trn th chng ta mi thc hin tt chnh sch dn tc, tn gio, v hiu ho c s li dng vn  dn tc, tn gio ca cc th lc th ch. Ni dung tuyn truyn gio dc phi mang tnh ton din, tng hp. Hin nay cn tp trung vo ph bin su rng cc ch trng chnh sch pht trin kinh t  x hi vng dn tc, tn gio, chnh sch dn tc. tn gio cho ng bo cc dn tc, cc tn gio. Ph bin php lut v gio dc thc chp hnh php lut ca nh nc, khi dy lng t tn t ho dn tc, truyn thng on kt gia cc dn tc, tn gio trong s nghip xy dng v bo v T quc. Thng xuyn tuyn truyn, gio dc  ng bo hiu r m mu th on chia r dn tc, tn gio, lng gio ca cc th lc th ch,  ng bo  cao cnh gic khng b chng la gt li ko li dng. - Hai l, tng cng xy dng cng c khi i on kt ton dn tc, gi vng n nh chnh tr  x hi. y l mt trong nhng gii php quan trng nhm nng cao ni lc, to nn sc  khng trc mi m mu th on nham him ca k th. Kin quyt u tranh loi tr nguy c ph hoi khi i on kt dn tc. Thc hin bnh ng, on kt, tn trng, gip  nhau gia cc dn tc, cc tn gio, chng k th chia r dn tc, tn gio, chng t tng dn tc ln, dn tc hp hi, dn tc cc oan, t ti mc cm dn tc, tn gio. Ch ng gi vng an ninh, chnh tr, trt t an ton x hi  cc vng dn tc, tn gio, bo v ch quyn an ninh quc gia. y l tin  quan trng  v hiu ho s chng ph ca k th. - Ba l, chm lo nng cao i sng vt cht tinh thn ca ng bo cc dn tc, cc tn gio. y cing l mt trong nhng gii php quan trng, xt n cng c ngh)a nn tng  v hiu ho s li dng ca k th. Khi i sng vt cht, tinh thn c nng cao, ng bo s on kt, tin tng vo ng, Nh nc, thc hin tt quyn li, ngh)a v cng dn th khng k th no c th li dng vn  dn tc, tn gio  chng ph cch mng Vit Nam. - Bn l, pht huy vai tr ca c h thng chnh tr; ca nhng ngi c uy tn trong cc dn tc, tn gio tham gia vo phng chng s li dng vn  dn tc, tn gio chng ph cch mng Vit Nam ca cc th lc th ch. Tch cc xy dng th thng chnh tr  c s vng dn tc, vng tn gio. Thc hin chnh sch u tin trong o to, bi dng , s dng i ngi cn b c cn b lnh o qun l v cn b chuyn mn k) thut, gio vin l ngi dn tc thiu s, ngi c tn gio. - Nm l, ch ng u tranh trn mt trn t tng lm tht bi mi m mu th on li dng tn gio chng ph cch mng ca cc th lc th ch, kp thi gii quyt tt cc im nng. ng thi, vn ng, bo v ng bo cc dn tc, tn gio  ng bo t vch mt bn xu cng nhng th on xo tr ca chng. Pht huy vai tr ca cc phng tin thng tin i chng trong cuc u tranh ny. Kp thi ch ng gii quyt tt cc im nng lin quan n vn  dn tc, tn gio. Ch ng, kp thi pht hin, dp tt mi m mu, hnh ng li dng vn  dn tc, tn gio kch ng li ko ng bo gy bo lon. Khi xut hin im nng, cn tm r nguyn nhn, bin php gii quyt kp thi, khng  lan rng, khng  k th ly c can thip; x l nghim minh theo php lut nhng k cm u, ngoan c chng ph cch mng Cu hi: 1. Trnh by th on li dng vn  dn tc, tn gio chng ph cch mng Vit Nam ca cc th lc th ch? 2. 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