ࡱ> 5701234q` bjbjqPqP 7::-H 478<|A'j^"((($h V<@@@<((NNN@R((N@NN" ( PEh@F t0' 6O!O!,  O!R PlsN <<,"'@@@@|A|A|Ap |A|A|A &*D   S GIO DC V O TO THANH HA TRNG THPT TRIU SN 2 SNG KIN KINH NGHIM TCH HP GIO DC V BIN O VIT NAM CHO HC SINH THPT TRONG GI DY HC NG VN Ngi thc hin: Trn Th Minh Loan Chc v: Gio vin SKKN thuc l)nh vc: Ng vn . THANH HA NM 2013 M C L CTrangA. T VN .................................................................................1I. L do chn  ti................................................................................1II. Phm vi  ti v phng php nghin cu......................................2B. GII QUYT VN ...................................................................3I.C s l lun ca vic tch hp v bin o Vit Nam cho hc sinh THPT trong mn Ng Vn...................................................................31. Tch hp trong mn Ng Vn..........................................................32. Tch hp gio dc v bin o Vit Nam cho hc sinh THPT trong cc gi dy hc Ng Vn.............................................................3II. Thc trng ca vn  tch hp gio dc v bin o Vit Nam cho hc sinh THPT trong cc gi dy hc Ng Vn& ........................41.Thc trng ca vn  tch hp gio dc v bin o Vit Nam cho hc sinh THPT trong gi dy hc mn Ng Vn.................................42. Kt qu ca tch hp gio dc v bin o cho hc sinh THPT trong cc gi dy hc Ng Vn ...........................................................5III. Gii php v t chc thc hin 1. Mt s a ch v ni dung, cch thc tch hp gio dc v bin o Vit Nam cho hc sinh THPT trong gi dy hc Ng Vn........................................................................................................ 1.1. Chng trnh Ng Vn 10............................................................. 1.2. Chng trnh Ng Vn 11............................................................. 1.3. Chng trnh Ng Vn 12............................................................. 1.4. Nhn xt chung..............................................................................6 6 6 7 8 102. Mt s gio n mu.......................................................................... 2.1. Gio n th nht (Chng trnh Ng Vn 10)............................... 2.2.Gio n th hai (Chng trnh Ng Vn 11).................................. 2.3. Gio n th ba (Chng trnh Ng Vn 12)..................................10 10 12 163. Mt s lu khi thc hin.184.Kim nghim.....................................................................................184.1. V pha hc sinh............................................................................184.2. V pha gio vin...........................................................................29C. Kt lun v  xut..........................................................................20I. Kt lun............................................................................................20II. Kin ngh,  xut...........................................................................20Th mc tham kho............................................................................Ph lc................................................................................................ A. T VN  I. L DO CHN  TI. Vit Nam nm  pha ng bn o ng Dng, gn trung tm ng Nam . Ton b din tch: t lin v o l 331212Km2 vi 3260Km b bin; hn 4000 o ln nh v hai qun o l Hong Sa v Trng Sa. Bin o Vit Nam c vai tr v cng quan trng trong s nghip xy dng v bo v T quc: Bin Vit Nam n ng trn tuyn ng hng hi huyt mch thng thng gia n  Dng v Thi Bnh Dng; bin c ngun ti nguyn phong ph, c bit l du m, kh t; bin Vit Nam c nhiu cng nc su, nhiu bi tm p; bin v o c vai tr quan trng lm tng chiu su phng th cho t nc  pha bin. Chnh v th trong chin lc bin n nm 2020 ng, Nh nc ta  xc nh mc tiu: vn ra bin, lm giu t bin. Vng bin o trong  bao gm hai qun o Trng Sa v Hong Sa thuc ch quyn ca nc Cng ha x hi ch ngh)a Vit Nam. Chng ta c nhiu ti liu php l v thc tin  khng nh ch quyn ca mnh  khu vc trn. Th nhng, trong thi gian qua, Trung Quc lin tc gy hn, xm phm ch quyn vng bin o ca Vit Nam. Trung Quc a ra bn  9 on m theo  ton b 2 qun o Hong Sa v Trng Sa ca Vit Nam thuc Trung Quc. Trung Quc ngang nhin mi thu khai thc du kh  vng thm lc a thuc c quyn kinh t ca Vit Nam. Trung Quc chim nhiu o thuc qun o Hong Sa ca Vit Nam. Nhng hnh ng y ca Trung Quc vi phm nghim trng lut php quc t, e da nghim trng n ch quyn quc gia ca Vit Nam. V th, vn  v bin o ang tr thnh tm im trong i sng chnh tr ca t nc. Hc sinh THPT thuc la tui t 16 n 18.  l th h tr quyt nh n tng lai khng xa ca t nc. Cc em s l nhng ngi chu trch nhim xy dng, pht trin t nc; bo v vng tri, vng bin, t lin ca T quc. V th, gio dc v bin o qu hng cho cc em hc sinh ni chung v hc sinh THPT ni ring l v cng cn thit. Gio dc v bin o qu hng s nng cao nhn thc ca cc em v ch quyn t nc, khi dy lng yu nc, nh thc trch nhim cng dn.  l cch  chng ta to nn lc lng xung kch bo v ch quyn t nc khi cn thit. Ng Vn l mn hc va mang tnh ngh thut va mang tnh cng c. Vn hc em n cho hc sinh nhng tri thc v t nhin, x hi, con ngi; lm phong ph i sng tm hn, hng hc sinh n nhng gi tr ca Chn, Thin, M. Ng Vn cn rn luyn cho cc em nhng k nng  tr thnh nhng con ngi c ch cho x hi. Con ng gio dc ca Vn hc l i t tnh cm, nhn thc n hnh ng. V vy, n d tc ng v thm su, thm lu trong lng con ngi. V th tch hp gio dc v bin o Vit Nam cho hc sinh THPT trong gi dy hc Ng Vn l rt ph hp v mang tnh thc tin cao. T nhng l do trn cng vi kinh nghim thc t ca bn thn trong qu trnh dy hc mn Ng Vn ti trng THPT Triu Sn 2, ti mun chia s vi cc ng nghim kinh nghim : Tch hp gio dc v bin o Vit Nam cho hc sinh THPT trong gi dy hc Ng Vn. II.PHM VI  TI V PHNG PHP NGHIN CU. 1. Phm vi  ti. - Tp trung vo i tng hc sinh THPT. - Ch ch yu  cp n nhng vn  v bin o Vit Nam c lin quan n chng trnh Ng Vn THPT. 2. Phng php nghin cu. - iu tra. - Thng k, phn tch, tng hp. - Thc nghim. - Tch hp, lin ngnh. B. GII QUYT VN  I C S L LUN CA VIC TCH HP GIO DC V BIN O VIT NAM CHO HC SINH THPT TRONG GI DY HC MN NG VN. 1.Tch hp trong dy hc mn Ng Vn. 1.1. Tch hp. Tch hp l mt trong nhng xu th dy hc hin i hin ang c thc hin  nhiu trng hc trn th gii. Ni hm khoa hc ca khi nim tch hp c th hiu mt cch khi qut l  s hp nht hay l s nht th ho a ti mt i tng mi nh l mt th thng nht trn nhng nt bn cht nht ca cc thnh phn i tng ch khng phi php cng n gin nhng thuc tnh ca cc thnh phn y . Nh vy, tch hp c hai tnh cht c bn l tnh lin kt v tnh ton vn. Trong l lun dy hc, tch hp c hiu l  s kt hp mt cch hu c, c h thng, nhng mc  khc nhau, cc kin thc, k) nng thuc cc mn hc khc nhau hoc cc hp phn ca phn mn thnh mt ni dung thng nht . Cng vi vic i mi phng php dy hc theo hng coi ngi hc l trung tm, dy hc theo quan im thch hp ang ngy cng tr thnh xu th dy hc em li hiu qu cao. 1.2. Tch hp trong dy hc mn Ng Vn. - Theo xu hng chung, trong nhng nm qua vic tch hp trong mn Ng Vn c thc hin kh phong ph vi nhiu ni dung v hnh thc tch hp: gio dc bo v mi trng, gio dc an ton giao thng, sc khe sinh sn, k nng sng& - Vic tch hp  em n cho gi hc khng kh si ni v mang tnh thc tin cao. 2. Tch hp gio dc v bin o Vit Nam trong gi dy hc mn Ng Vn THPT. 2.1. Mc tiu tch hp. a. V kin thc: - Hc sinh nng cao nhn thc v ch quyn bin o, v th mnh, v tr chin lc ca bin o Vit Nam trong s nghip xy dng v bo v T quc. - Hc sinh nm c nhng c s php l v ch quyn ca Vit Nam  hai qun o Hong Sa v Trng Sa. - Hc sinh bit thm v ch trng, ng li ca ng v Nh nc v vn  bin o, cc phong tro, cc cuc vn ng hng v Trng Sa, Hong Sa... b. V t tng, hnh ng. - Nng cao thc trch nhim ca hc sinh i vi t nc. - T  cc em tch cc hng ng, tham gia cc hot ng tm hiu v bin o... 2.2 Ni dung v vn  Bin o Vit Nam tch hp trong gi dy hc Ng Vn THPT. Tip tc thc hin Ngh quyt TW 4 kha X v  Chin lc bin Vit Nam n nm 2020 v nhng vn bn ch o, nh hng chin lc khc, v cc hng dn v ni dung tuyn truyn v bin o Vit Nam ca ng v Nh nc ta trong thi gian gn y; Cn c vo ni dung c th ca chng trnh Ng Vn THPT. Qua thc t dy hc Ng Vn ca bn thn, ti thy c th tch hp nhiu ni dung khc nhau v vn  bin o Vit Nam vo cc tit hc. Trong  tiu biu l cc ni dung sau: - V v tr a l, c im t nhin, vai tr, tim nng, th mnh ca bin o. - Tuyn truyn cc ch trng ca ng, cc vn bn Php lut v bin o ca Nh nc ta. - Cc vn bn lin quan n vn  bin o, nh: Cng c ca Lin Hip quc v Lut Bin nm 1982, Tuyn b v ng x cc bn  bin ng (DOC)... - V ch quyn ca Vit Nam  hai qun o Hong Sa v Trng Sa. - Tp qun sinh hot, vn ha ca ng dn vng bin, ven bin... 2.3 Nguyn tc tch hp. Tch hp gio dc v bin o Vit Nam trong mn Ng Vn l ph hp. Tuy nhin, vn  t ra l lm th no  vic tch hp pht huy hiu qu ti a. Mun th vic tch hp phi tun theo cc nguyn tc sau: - Cn c vo chun kin thc k) nng mn Ng Vn. - Cn c vo tng n v kin thc c th trong tng bi hc m a vo liu lng v hnh thc tch hp ph hp. - Khai thc ni dung chn lc, tp trung, khng trn lan, ty tin; - Pht huy tch cc nhn thc ca hc sinh, khai thc kinh nghim thc t ca HS, tn dng c hi  hc sinh tip xc trc tip vi thc tin. II. THC TRNG CA VN  TCH HP GIO DC V BIN O VIT NAM CHO HC SINH THPT TRONG GI DY HC MN NG VN. 1.Thc trng ca vn  tch hp gio dc v bin o Vit Nam cho hc sinh THPT trong gi dy hc mn Ng Vn. 1.1. Thc trng ca vn  gio dc v bin o Vit Nam trong chng trnh THPT. C th khng nh vn  bin o cha c v tr xng ng trong chng trnh hc  bc THPT. Kho st  cc mn hc c lin quan cho thy:  mn a l: y l mn hc nghin cu k nht v cc vn  lin quan n iu kin t nhin (trong  c phn bin o), x hi v tnh hnh pht trin kinh t- x hi ca t nc. Tng thu nhp t cc ngnh kinh t bin chim hn 50% GDP hng nm, nhng phn bin o ch chim t l rt nh  phn a l 12. Gm 1 mc  bi 2; 1 mc  bi 8 v bi 42. Tng thi lng cha y 2 tit hc.Thi lng ngn nn d mun gio vin cing khng th chuyn ti ht cc ni dung c lin quan v vn  ny.  mn Lch s: Phn lch s lin quan n bin o cha c hc thnh mc, bi ring.  mn Gio dc Cng dn: phn bin o ch lng ghp vo bi hc v quc phng an ninh  lp 11.  mn Gio dc Quc phng: ni dung ny cing ch c hc  cp s qua.  mn Ng vn: khng c ni dung no, bi no, vn bn (k c cc on vn, vn bn v d) trc tip  cp n vn  bin o. Va qua B gio dc v o to, S gio dc v o to c m lp bi dng chuyn  Tuyn truyn v bin o v tch hp vo cc gi hc Ngoi gi ln lp. Tuy nhin trong thc t vic thc hin  cc trng cn nhiu hn ch. 1.2.Thc trng ca vic tch hp gio dc v bin o Vit Nam cho hc sinh THPT trong cc gi dy hc Ng Vn. Trong nhng nm trc y, do chng trnh nhiu kin thc v khi y ch quyn bin o cha tr thnh vn  nng trong i sng chnh tr ca t nc th hu nh ni dung ny khng c tch hp vo gi dy hc Ng Vn. T nm hc 2012-2013, cng vi qu trnh tuyn truyn rng ri ca ng, Nh nc, Mt trn T Quc Vit Nam, on TNCS H Ch Minh...v ch quyn bin o Vit Nam, nhiu gio vin Ng Vn  tch hp ni dung ny vo bi dy hc. Qua kho st tnh hnh c th  cc trng THPT trn a bn huyn Triu Sn, ti thy thc trng vn   Tch hp gio dc v bin o Vit Nam cho hc sinh THPT trong gi dy hc Ng Vn ni ln my im sau: - V nhng kin thc v vn  bin o khng lin quan n ni dung thi Tt nghip, i hc, Cao ng nn nhiu gio vin xem nh. - Ni dung, phng php tch hp cn cha phong ph. - Vic tch hp cn mang tnh ngu hng, t pht cha c mc tiu, ni dung mang tnh h thng, lin tc. - Cing c khi cao hng, gio vin sa  vo kin thc m rng v ch  bin o lm nh hng n ni dung chnh ca bi hc. 2. Kt qu ca thc trng. C th thy vic tch hp gio dc v bin o Vit Nam cho hc sinh THPT ni chung v trong gi dy hc Ng Vn ni ring mi ang trong giai on th nghim. V vy, thc trng y dn n kt qu nh sau: Hc sinh cn nhn thc l m v vn  bin o v ch quyn bin o ca T quc. C th, khi hi nhiu em v bin, o ca nc ta, c bit l qun o Trng Sa v Hong Sa, em no cing c th tr li  l  mt phn mu tht thing ling ca T quc . Nhng  l gii ngun gc ca n nh th no, c tim nng, th mnh, ngun li kinh t ra sao, th khng phi hc sinh no cing tr li c. Thm ch c bit c nhng hc sinh coi  l vn  ca ngi ln, ca Nh nc, khng nh hng n mnh nn th  khng quan tm. Thc trng y t ra vn  cn y mnh hn na gio dc v bin o Vit Nam cho hc sinh THPT lng ghp vo cc mn hc trong  c mn Ng Vn. Vy lm th no  tch hp c hiu qu ni dung ny vo cc gi dy hc Ng Vn  bc THPT. Tc l va nng cao c nhn thc, thc trch nhim ca hc sinh v bin o qu hng va khng nh hng n chun kin thc, k nng ca mn hc.  qu l mt vn  khng d.  ti ca ti l mt kinh nghim nh  gii quyt cu hi trn. III. GII PHP V T CHC THC HIN. 1. Mt s a ch v ni dung, cch thc tch hp gio dc v bin o Vit Nam cho hc sinh THPT trong gi dy hc mn Ng Vn 1.1. Chng trnh Ng Vn 10. STTTn bia ch tch hpNi dung v cch thc tch hp1Tng quan Vn hc Vit NamMc II.2 Con ngi Vit Nam trong quan h quc gia, dn tc.GV tch hp gio dc cho HS v thc c lp, t ch, v tinh thn chng gic ngoi xm bo v ch quyn dn tc ca cha ng.2Vn bnTrong phn tm hiu cc v d  hnh thnh khi nim v c im vn bn.Ngoi cc v d  c trong SGK, GV c th a thm 1 s v d khc l vn bn c lin quan n ch  bin o Vit Nam (ly t ngun tin cy). V d: bi Gii thiu v qun o Hong Sa( ly t ngun  Bch khoa ton th m Wikipedia );Vn bn  Tuyn b v ng x cc bn  bin ng (DOC)...3Trnh by mt vn Phn luyn tpGV chia nhm, cho hc sinh tho lun lp  cng trnh by vn : Bo v mi trng bin o.Sau  i din cc nhm ln trnh by, GV nhn xt, b sung.4Lp dn vn bn thuyt minhPhn II.Lp dn bi vn thuyt minhGV yu cu HS chun b trc  nh  lp dn gii thiu v a danh bi bin Sm Sn. Trn lp GV nh hng  HS bit cch lp dn ca mt bi vn thuyt minh.5Bch ng giang ph  Trng Hn SiuMc gii thiu v a danh Bch ng  phn Tiu dn.HS tham kho SGK tr li cc cu hi v v tr a l ca ca bin Bch ng; nhng chin cng trong lch s chng ngoi xm ca dn tc ta trn sng Bch ng.GV nhn xt, b sung.6Vit bi s 5 (Vn thuyt minh)Gv ra  cho Hs thuyt minh bin Vit Nam. 1.2. Chng trnh Ng Vn 11 STTTn bia ch tch hpNi dung v cch thc tch hp1Bi ca ngt ngng  Nguyn Cng TrPhn Tiu dn ni v cuc i, s nghip ca Nguyn Cng Tr.- GV lin h m rng cho hc sinh bit thm v cng lao ca Nguyn Cng Tr trong qu trnh khai hoang, ln bin ca nhn dn ta. ng c sng kin chiu m dn ngho, p  ln bin, lp p, khai sinh cc huyn HYPERLINK "http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_S%C6%A1n" \o "Kim Sn" Kim Sn(thuc tnh HYPERLINK "http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninh_B%C3%ACnh" \o "Ninh Bnh" Ninh Bnhngy nay), HYPERLINK "http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BB%81n_H%E1%BA%A3i" \o "Tin Hi" Tin Hi(thuc tnh HYPERLINK "http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A1i_B%C3%ACnh" \o "Thi Bnh" Thi Bnhngy nay) vo nhng nm cui HYPERLINK "http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BA%ADp_ni%C3%AAn_1820" \o "Thp nin 1820" thp nin 1820. ng c nhn dn  y lp n th ngay khi cn sng.2Sa hnh on ca  cao B Qut- Trong phn Tiu dn ni v cm hng sng tc ca bi th. - Trong khi tm hiu hnh tng con ng.GV gi  hc sinh nh li nhng kin thc  bit v a l Vit Nam lin quan n khu vc bin min Trung. B bin  cc tnh nh Qung Bnh, qung Tr... c nhiu bi ct trng ni tip nhau. l ngun ti nguyn khong sn c gi tr kinh t cao dng  sn xut thy tinh, pha l, cht bn dn...3Phong cch ngn ng bo chTm hiu mt s th loi bo chNgoi cc v d trong SGK, GV c th s dng my chiu a thm cho hc sinh 1 bi phng s v mt chuyn ra thm o Trng Sa...ng trn cc bo.4Bn tin- Phn mc ch, yu cu ca bn tin - Phn thc hnh vit bn tin- Gv cung cp cho hc sinh mt s tin tc thi s v vn  bin o. - GV cho hc sinh chun b trc  nh. T  yu cu hc sinh a tin v m khai mc Du lch h Sm Sn nm 20135Xut dng lu bit  Phan Bi ChuHai cu th cui: Mun vt b ng theo cnh gi/ Mun trng sng bc tin ra khi.- Gio vin phn tch: Nh th ly hnh nh hng v), mnh m ca sng bin  ni ln nhit huyt, kht vng ln lao ca mnh. -  Vt b ng l vt bin ng  sang Nht tm ng cu nc. 1.3. Chng trnh Ng Vn 12. STTTn bia ch tch hpNi dung v cch thc tch hp1Pht biu theo ch Phn luyn tpGv cho HS chun b trc. Trn lp chia nhm tho lun pht biu v ch   Gp  xy Trng Sa .2t Nc ( Trch trng ca  Mt ng kht vng ) - Nguyn Khoa im- Hai cu th :  t l ni con chim phng hong bay v hn ni bc/ Nc l ni con c ng ng mng nc bin khi - Cc cu th c ni n cc a danh ven bin: Hn Trng mi, Sng Cu Long, Vnh H Long...- GV m rng thm v cc iu h ca c dn ven bin, mt nt vn ha c sc ca vng t ny. - GV hi hc sinh tr li: Em bit g v cc a danh ny? T  GV m rng gii thiu v cc a danh v i n kt lun: bin c nh hng su sc n c im t nhin ca nc ta. Bin gp phn to nn nhng cnh p k th. Ci su sc ca Nguyn Khoa im l  ch ng  thy rng chnh nhng cu chuyn thn thoi, c tch lin quan n o c, li sng ca nhn dn  lm cho cc a danh y c hn, nhum mu huyn thoi v bt t. 3Sng  Xun Qunh- Hon cnh sng tc: Khi i thc t  vng bin Dim in (Thi Bnh). - Hnh tng sng- GV cho Hs bit thm v bin Dim in. - GV lng ghp trong qu trnh phn tch  thy Sng l mt hin tng k th ca bin, sng c khi d di, n o, c khi du m; sng tn ti  mi tng khng gian; mi con sng u x v b...Nh th Xun Qunh  ly sng  biu hin cho tm hn ngi ph n khi yu.4Ngi li  sng   Nguyn TunHnh tng sng - Sau khi hng dn HS lm r 2 c im ca sng : hung bo v tr tnh, GV cho HS bit thm  phn sau Nguyn Tun  cung cp kh t m v a l, lch s lin quan n sng  .Sng  l mt trong nhng con sng c tr lng thy in ln nht nc ta.5Bt su rng U Minh H - Sn NamGii thiu v rng U Minh H  phn Tiu dnGV gii thiu thm cho HS v rng U Minh v rng ngp mn ven bin nc ta ni chung.6Chic thuyn ngoi xa  Nguyn Minh Chu- Pht hin v cnh p thin nhin th mng - Cuc i, s phn ca gia nh ngi n b hng chi.- GV ch cho Hs thy  l cnh thin nhin c trng ca mt vng m ph ven bin, thng 7 vn cn sng m bui sng sm. - GV gi cho hc sinh tm hiu thm v i sng ca ng dn  cc lng chi ven bin: mi sinh hot u trn thuyn; i sng kh khn.V th  ci thin i sng cho h cn phi c mt h thng gii php c th.7Pht biu t doPhn luyn tpGV dn dt  HS tin hnh pht biu t do v vn : trch nhim ca hc sinh i vi bin o qu hng.8Phong cch ngn ng hnh chnhPhn vn bn hnh chnhNgoi cc v d trong SGK, GV s dng my chiu a ra cho hc sinh vn bn Lut bin Quc t nm 1982; Tuyn b v cc bn lin quan  bin ng (DOC).Sau  khi hnh thnh khi nim,tm hiu cc c trng cn ch  phn tch vo cc v d v vn  bin o.  1.4. Nhn xt. Qua phn thng k tng hp trn c th thy: - S lng bi c th tch hp ni dung gio dc v bin o Vit Nam trong chng trnh NG Vn THPT chim t l kh, 19 bi thng k trn l nhng bi in hnh. -  phn c vn: S lng bi c th tch hp ni dung gio dc v bin o Vit Nam l khng nhiu. a ch  tin hnh tch hp thng gn vi mt chi tit, mt hnh nh, hoc mt hnh tng trong tc phm.V th, khi tch hp i hi gio vin phi rt kho lo  khng lm nh hng n ni dung chnh ca bi. Cch thc tch hp ch yu l GV lin h m rng hoc tin hnh pht vn-m thoi vi hc sinh. Thi lng tch hp ngn.(Ti a khong 5 pht) -  phn Ting Vit v Lm vn: Trong qu trnh dy hc Ng Vn v nghin cu lm  ti khoa hc ny, ti nhn thy hu nh tt c cc bi phn Ting Vit v Lm vn u c th tch hp  mc , liu lng khc nhau ni dung gio dc v bin o Vit Nam. c im ca phn Ting Vit v Lm vn l c tnh cht m, cui bi dy l thuyt c phn luyn tp thc hnh nn gio vin c th a thm cc vn bn, cc ni dung v bin o c lin quan  hc sinh thc hnh.  phn ny, ni dung kin thc tch hp phong ph; thi gian tch hp nhiu hn; phng php tch hp a dng trong  c bit pht huy c tnh ch ng tch cc ca hc sinh.V vy, hc sinh s thu nhn c nhiu kin thc b ch v bin o qu hng nu gio vin bit cch tch hp c h thng, lin tc. - Ngoi ra, gio vin cn c th tch hp gio dc v bin o Vit Nam trong cc tit dy T chn. T thc t dy T chn  c 3 khi 10,11,12 ti thy rng, gio vin c th tch hp cc ni dung v bin o trong cc ch  v Ting Vit, Lm vn. c im ca phn T chn l bm st ni dung chng trnh hc chnh trong SGK. Mc tiu ch yu ca gi T chn l cng c, nng cao nhng kin thc  hc. V th,  cc tit T chn thi gian  hc sinh thc hnh nhiu. Gio vin c th a nhng kin thc su hn, rng hn v bin o Vit Nam  hc sinh tho lun. 2. Mt s thit k gio n mu. 2.1. Gio n th nht: (Chng trnh Ng Vn 10) LM VN: LP DN BI VN THUYT MINH I.MC TIU CN T Gip hc sinh: Kin thc Lp c dn v nm c yu cu ca mi phn trong dn ca mt bi vn thuyt minh. Cch lp dn khi trin khai bi vn thuyt minh. K nng Vn dng nhng kin thc  h v vn thuyt minh v k nng lp dn  lp c mt dn cho bi vn thuyt minh c  ti gn gii, quen thuc. Thc hnh lp dn cho bi vn thuyt minh c  ti gn gii, quen thuc. 3. Mc tiu tch hp gio dc v bin o: Hng dn HS thc hnh thuyt minh v mt a danh thuc ch  bin o. PHNG PHP, PHNG TIN THC HIN 1. Phng tin - GV: SGK, SGV, Thit k bi dy hc; my chiu. - HS: SGK, v ghi, v son, bt lng, giy A4. 2. Phng php Gio vin t chc gi hc theo hnh thc trao i, tho lun tr li cc cu hi. TIN TRNH BI DY 1. n nh t chc 2. Kim tra bi ci Bi mi Hot ng ca Thy v trNi dung cn tHot ng 1: GV Hng dn hc sinh tr li nhanh phn I. I. Dn bi vn thuyt minh: Hot ng 2: GV hng dn hc sinh lp dn thuyt minh v mt danh nhn. GV chia nhm tho lun Lm dn cho bi vn thuyt minh v i thi ho Nguyn Du ( Hc sinh c th tham kho phn gii thiu trong SGK Ng Vn 10 tp II (92)) Hot ng 3: GV hng dn hc sinh lp dn v mt danh lam thng cnh. (Tch hp gio dc v bin o: cho HS lp dn thuyt minh v bin Sm Sn) GV  chia nhm, giao nhim v cho HS chun b trc  nh. GV cho Hs hi v cho cc nhm trnh by bi thu hoch. GV nhn xt, nh gi cho im. (Tham kho phn Ph lc 1)II. Lp dn bi vn thuyt minh. 1. Thuyt minh v mt danh nhn. a. Phn m bi: - Gii thiu v Nguyn Du. b. Phn thn bi: - Cuc i: + Thi i ND sng + Vn sng phong ph + nh hng n sng tc - S nghip: + Cc sng tc chnh + Ni dung chnh + Ngh thut c. Kt bi: - Tr li  ti phn m bi. - Lu li cm xc ca ngi thuyt minh. 2. Thuyt minh v mt danh lam thng cnh V d: Thuyt minh v bin Sm Sn. a. M bi: Gii thiu chung. b. Thn bi: - V tr a l, iu kin t nhin. - Cc a danh ni ting - Cc cu chuyn truyn thuyt c lin quan. - Gi tr vn ha, du lch ca Sm Sn. c. Kt bi - nh gi chung Hot ng 4: Theo em, phi lm g  vic lp dn cho bi vn thuyt minh t kt qu tt? Cho Hs c phn Ghi nh.III. Kt lun: (Ghi nh SGK)  Hot ng 5: GV hng dn HS lm phn luyn tp Em hy trnh by dn gii thiu v tc gi Nguyn Bnh Khim. * D#n do: Chun b son bi Bch ng giang ph  Trng Hn SiuIV. Luyn tp: 1. Gii thiu mt tc gi vn hc: Tc gi Nguyn Bnh Khim.  2.2. Gio n th hai (Chng trnh Ng Vn 11) C VN: BI CA NGN I TRN BI CT (Sa hnh on ca) Cao B Qut I.MC TIU BI HC: Gip hc sinh: -Hiu c s chn ght ca Cao B Qut i vi con ng mu cu danh li tm thng v nim khao kht i mi cuc sng trong hon cnh x hi nh Nguyn bo th, tr tr. -Hiu c mi quan h gia ni dung ni trn v hnh thc ngh thut c bi th c th v nhp iu, hnh nh - Ni dung tch hp gio dc v bin o Vit Nam: gii thiu v vng bin, ven bin min Trung. II. CHUN B -Gio vin: SGK, SBT, gio n, ti liu tham kho, my chiu -Hc sinh: SGK, SBT, bi son, phn su tm v tc gi tc phm III. PHNG PHP: -GV hng dn, gi m cho HS hiu v tr li cu hi trong phn Hng dn hc bi -Kt hp cc phng php dy bi th c: c din cm vn bn, so snh bn dch vi nguyn bn ch Hn, phn tch t ng, phn tch hon cnh lch s, phn tch kha cnh vn ho, a l m bi th t ra. -C th cho HS thuyt trnh hay tho lun, tranh lun  to ra hng th cho bi hc. IV. TIN TRNH T CHC CC HOT NG: HOT NG CA GIO VIN-HC SINHNI DUNG CN THot ng 1: GV kim tra bi ci: c thuc bi th Bi ca ngt ngng Bi th lm hin ln con ngi NCT nh th no? Hot ng 2: GV hng dn HS tm hiu phn Tiu dn -T phn tiu dn, nu vi nt v tc gi Cao B Qut? -Nu hon cnh sng tc bi th? Tch hp gio dc v bin o: GV gii thiu thm v vng bin min Trung. Nhn mnh:  cc tnh Qung Bnh, Qung Tr c nhng bi ct trng ni tip nhau.  l ngun khong sn c gi tr cao.(Tham kho phn Ph lc 2) -Trnh by hiu bit ca em v th loi ca bi th Hot ng 2: c vn bn -HS c bi th. GV nhn xt v nu hng tm hiu bi th: +Bn cu u: hnh nh bi ct di v ngi i trn ct +Su cu tip:Tm s ca nh th +Su cu cui: khc ca v con ng cng Hot ng 3: c hiu bi th -Bn cu u bi th gip em hnh dung ra khng gian, thi gian v con ngi nh th no? HS tho lun tr li. GV nhn mnh li. Tch hp gio dc bin o: - C kin cho rng cnh trong 4 cu u l cnh trong tng tng, ch c ngh)a tng trng. Li c kin khc: y l cnh thc, ch c ngh)a thc. V kin th 3: y l cnh thc, va c ngh)a thc, va c ngh)a tng trng. kin ca em nh th no? HS la chn, phn tch, pht biu GV nhn xt, nh hng Trc ht, y l cnh thc, vic ngi i trn ct cing l thc-chnh bn thn tc gi  nhiu ln i qua nhng bi ct trng mnh mng  b bin Qung Bnh, Qung Tr  vo Hu thi Hi. Hnh nh bi ct mnh mng, dng nh bt tn, nng bng, trng xo l hnh nh thin nhin p m d di, khc nghit ca min Trung nc ta. Cnh cn c ngh)a tng trng: bi ct di l con ng phi vt qua  vo kinh thi Hi,  c th mu cu s nghip, cng danh Hai cu th l li t trch. Li t trch mnh ny cing to sng nhn cch CBQ. -Em hiu cm t  phng danh li nh th no? HS tr li, GV nhn xt  Phng danh li : nhng k coi cng danh l con ng tm kim ph qu vinh hoa (mi danh li, b cng danh).CBQ  nhc n loi ngi ny vi s chn ght, khinh b. -Hai cu tip cho em nhng hnh dung g? (Hnh nh v mt qun ru ngon, mi ngi say men ru m  x n) -C 6 cu th cho thy, CBQ  nhn ra iu g v con ng cng danh m mnh ang theo ui GV: Em hy cho bit tc dng ca vic lp li hai t  trng sa ? GV: Hy cho bit hnh nh, tm trng ngi i ng? 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Hot ng 4: GV hng dn HS khi qut gi tr ni dung v ngh thut ca bi th Hot ng 5: GV cho HS luyn tp  I- TIU DN. 1. Tc gi -L nh th c ti nng v bn l)nh -Th vn ng bc l thi  ph phn mnh m ch  phong kin tr tr, bo th v cha ng t tng khai sng c tnh cht t pht, phn nh nhu cu i mi ca x hi Vit Nam trong giai on gia th k XIX 2. Tc phm -Hon cnh sng tc: bi th c hnh thnh trong khi ng i thi Hi, qua cc tnh min Trung y ct trng nh Qung Bnh, Qung Tr -Th loi: th hnh- mt th th c, c tnh cht t do phng khong, khng g b v s cu,  di ca cu, nim lut, bng trc, vn iu. II- C  HIU VN BN 1.Hnh nh bi ct di v ngi i trn ct -Khng gian: bi ct, li bi ct di (ip t gi ra khng gian mnh mng ct trng, hoang vng n rn ngi -Thi gian: mt tri ln -Con ngi: i mt bc li li mt bc Nc mt ri (ip t, t trong cch ngt nhp 2/3 lin tip gi ln ci cm gic ca bc chn ngi i lun lun b ko git li(th hin rt su cm gic st rut, cng thng v mt mi ca ngi i => T cnh bi ct, s vic i trn bi ct  dn dt suy ngh) v con ng cng danh , rng hn l con ng i y chng gai, nhc nhn m ngi i trn ct-ngi tr thc thi phong kin buc phi dn thn  mu cu s nghip, cng danh cho bn thn, cho gia nh, cho dng h (Li cm vt nhi ng thng thy trong th trung i. (Thi  ca nh th:  nhn ra s mt m ca con ng cng danh m mnh ang i, mt mi, chn ngn, b tc 2. Tm s ca ngi i trn ct -Khng hc c tin ng php ng Tro non, li sui, gin khn vi (Li t trch mnh -Xa nay phng danh li Tt t trn ng i (Nim trn tr ca tc gi trc hin thc x hi: cng danh  b bin tng, gn lin vi danh li, v ngi i ua chen nhau v danh li. ( CBQ  nhn thy tnh cht v ngh)a ca li hc khoa c, ca con ng cng danh theo li ci v t r thi  chn ght ca mnh, bc l ci nhn tnh to, sc so trc hin thc 3. Khc ca v con ng cng -Trng sa, trng sa& (ip t kt hp vi cu hi tu t  th hin nhng trn tr ca nh th v bc ng i ti(S b tc ca nh th -Hy nghe ta ht khc ng cng: - Pha bc ni bc& (in c, ip ng (Tc gi  c gng la chn cho mnh mt con ng mi, mt hng i mi nhng vn lm vo b tc -Anh ng lm chi trn bi ct? (cu hi mang m hng ca mt li thc gic: nhn vt tr tnh t gic mnh, t b con dng trc mt, con ng cng danh m mt, cn phi thot khi cn say danh li v ngh)a(Khao kht thay i cuc sng III- TNG KT IV- LUYN TP Qua bi th ny, hy th l gii v sao CBQ  khi ngh)a chng li nh Nguyn 2.3. Gio n th ba (Chng trnh Ng Vn 12) TING VIT: PHONG CCH NGN NG HNH CHNH I.MC TIU BI HC - Nm vng c im ca ngn ng dng trong cc vn bn hnh chnh  phn bit vi cc phong cch ngn ng khc : chnh lun khoa hc v ngh thut. - C k nng hon chnh vn bn theo mu in sn ca nh nc, hoc c th t son tho nhng vn bn thng dng nh : n t, bin bn, .... khi cn thit. - Ni dung tch hp v bin o Vit Nam: Cc vn bn php l ca Quc t v Vit Nam v vn  bin o. II. PHNG TIN DY HC - Sch gio khoa, sch gio vin - Thit k bi hc. - My chiu. III. PHNG PHP DY HC Gio vin t chc gi hc theo cch kt hp gi tm, vn p, trao i tho lun. IV. TIN TRNH T CHC DY HC 1. Kim tra bi ci 2. Bi mi. Hot ng ca GV-HSNi dung cn tHot ng 1: Tm hiu mt s vn bnI. NGN NG HNH CHNH L G? GV ln lt ch nh tng HS c to cc vn bn trong SGK, sau  nu cu hi tm hiu: a) K thm cc vn bn cng loi vi cc vn bn trn. b) im ging nhau v khc nhau gia cc vn bn trn l g? Ni dng tch hp gio dc v bin o: GV s dng my chiu a ra cho hc sinh xem mt s vn bn hnh chnh php l v bin o Vit Nam. Nh Lut Bin quc t 1982; Tuyn b v ng x cc bn c  bin ng (DOC); Hng dn ca MTTQVN hng dn thc hin tuyn truyn v bin o nm 2013...(Tham kho phn Ph lc 3)1. Tm hiu vn bn a) Cc vn bn cng loi vi 3 vn bn trn: + Vn bn 1 l ngh nh ca Chnh ph (Ban hnh iu l bo him y t). Gn vi ngh nh l cc vn bn khc ca cc c quan Nh nc (hoc t chc chnh tr, x hi) nh: thng t, thng co, ch th, quyt nh, php lnh, ngh quyt,& + Vn bn 2 l giy chng nhn ca th trng mt c quan Nh nc. Gn vi giy chng nhn l cc loi bn bn nh: vn bng, chng ch, giy khai sinh,& + Vn bn 3 l n ca mt cng dn gi mt c quan Nh nc hay do Nh nc qun l. Gn vi n nh: bn khai, bo co, bin bn,& b) im ging nhau v khc nhau gia cc vn bn: + Ging nhau: Cc vn bn u c tnh php l, l c s  gii quyt nhng vn  mang tnh hnh chnh, cng v. + Mi loi vn bn thuc phm vi, quyn hn khc nhau, i tng thc hin khc nhau.Hot ng 2: T chc tm hiu ngn ng hnh chnh trong vn bn hnh chnh GV yu cu HS tm hiu ngn ng c s dng trong cc vn bn trn (cn lu n cc vn bn v bin o) a) c im kt cu, trnh by. b) c im t ng, cu vn. - HS lm vic c nhn (kho st cc vn bn) v trnh by trc lp. Cc HS khc c th nhn xt, b sung (nu cn).2. Ngn ng hnh chnh trong vn bn hnh chnh + V trnh by, kt cu: Cc vn bn u c trnh by thng nht. Mi vn bn thng gm 3 phn theo mt khun mu nht nh: - Phn u: cc tiu mc ca vn bn. - Phn chnh: ni dung vn bn. - Phn cui: cc th tc cn thit (thi gian, a im, ch k,& ). + V t ng: Vn bn hnh chnh s dng nhng t ng ton dn mt cch chnh xc. Ngoi ra, c mt lp t ng hnh chnh c s dng vi tn s cao + V cu vn: c nhng vn bn tuy di nhng ch l kt cu ca mt cu Hot ng 3: T chc tm hiu khi nim phong cch ngn ng hnh chnh T vic tm hiu cc vn bn trn, GV hng dn HS rt ra khi nim phong cch ngn ng hnh chnh.3. Ngn ng hnh chnh l g? Ngn ng hnh chnh l ngn ng dng trong cc vn bn hnh chnh  giao tip trong phm vi cc c quan Nh nc hay cc t chc chnh tr, x hi (gi chung l c quan), hoc gia c quan vi ngi dn v gia ngi dn vi c quan, hay gia nhng ngi dn vi nhau trn c s php l.Hot ng 4: T chc luyn tp II. LUYN TP Bi tp 1: Hy k tn mt s loi vn bn hnh chnh thng lin quan n cng vic hc tp trong nh trng ca anh (ch) GV cho HS cc nhm thi xem nhm no k c nhiu v ng.Bi tp 1: Mt s loi vn bn hnh chnh thng lin quan n cng vic hc tp trong nh trng: n xin ngh hc, Bin bn sinh hot lp, n xin vo on TNCS H Ch Minh, Giy chng nhn, S yu l lch, Bng tt nghip THCS, Giy khai sinh, Hc b, Giy chng nhn trng tuyn vo lp 10, Bn cam kt& ,Hot ng 5: Dn d Chun b bi mi 3. Nhng lu khi thc hin.  vic tch hp pht huy hiu qu tt cn ch cc vn  sau: 3.1. V pha gio vin. - Bm st nguyn tc tch hp. - C s chun b chu o cho bi dy hc c v thit k bi hc v vn dng cc thit b my chiu. - Pht huy hiu qu k nng thc hnh ca hc sinh bng vic giao nhim v cho c nhn, nhm. - C th cho hc sinh tham quan thc t. - Cn a dng v phng php v hnh thc tch hp. - Cn phi kt hp cht ch vi hot ng tuyn truyn v vn  bin o ca trng v c nc. 3.2. V pha hc sinh. - Tch cc ch ng trong gi hc. - Tn hiu thm cc thng tin c lin quan n bi hc v n ni dung v bin o Vit Nam theo s nh hng ca gio vin. - Thu thp thm cc kin thc thc t. - Vn dng nhng iu hc c vo thc tin cuc sng. IV. KIM NGHIM Trong nm hc 2012-2013 ti  tch hp c h thng, lin tc vi ni dung kh phong ph v vn  bin o Vit Nam trong cc gi dy hc Ng Vn  trng THPT Triu Sn 2, c th l cc lp 10B7, 11A2, 11A7, 12C2, 12C8 (Trong  3 lp 10B7, 11A2 v 12C8 c hc T chn Ng Vn). Qua kho st i tng hc sinh v trao i kin vi cc gio vin, kt qu thu c nh sau: 1. V pha hc sinh. - Hc sinh rt thch th v tch cc vi nhng ni dung v bin o tch hp vo gi dy hc Ng Vn. S hc sinh c kin ny l 100%. - Di s hng dn ca gio vin hc sinh ngoi vic nm c cc kin thc Ng Vn cn hiu thm nhiu vn  v vn  bin o. Cc em ch ng tm hiu v v tr a l, iu kin t nhin, tim nng, vai tr ca bin o; cc em nhn thc su sc v ch quyn bin o; cc em nm c cc c s php l chng minh ch quyn ca Vit Nam  bin ng v  hai qun o Hong Sa v Trng Sa... - T  gp phn to nn s chuyn bin trong suy ngh) v hnh ng ca hc sinh. Cc em  tch cc hng ng, tham gia cc cuc thi tm hiu v bin o Vit Nam, quan tm n tnh hnh thi s ca t nc...  nh gi s chuyn bin ca hc sinh v vn  bin o Vit Nam, ti  tin hnh kim nghim nh sau: - i vi lp 10: trong bi vit s 5 (gn cui hc k 2), ti cho hc sinh thuyt minh v mt a danh thuc ch  bin o m em yu thch. - i vi lp 11: Trong bi Luyn tp vit bn tin (Cui k 2), ti tin hnh kim tra 15 pht vi  bi: Vit bn tin ngn a tin v khai mc h Sm Sn 2013. - i vi lp 12: Trong bi n tp Lm vn, ti cho hc sinh lp dn bi vn ngh lun x hi : Trch nhim ca hc sinh vi bin o qu hng. Kt qu thu c nh sau: LpGiiKhTrung bnhYu 12C278%16%6%0%12C872%15%13%0%11A285%11%4%0%11A775%14%11%0%10B775%10%15%0% c bit trong thng 3 nm 2013,trng THPT Triu Sn 2  t chc cho hc sinh ton trng lm bi thi  Tm hiu v bin o Vit Nam nm 2013 Hc sinh trong ton trng  tham gia tch cc vi tng cng gn 1200 bi d thi. Trong , tp th lp 11A2 do ti ch nhim v dy Ng Vn  t thnh tch xut sc ( Tp th: gii nht; C nhn: 1/1 gii nht; 2/2 gii nh; 3/3 gii ba; 4/6 gii KK). Thnh tch y l kt qu thc tin ghi nhn hiu qu ca vic ti  tch hp gio dc bin o Vit Nam vo bi dy hc Ng Vn. 2. V pha gio vin. Qua tham kho kin ca cc gio vin c bit l cc gio vin c nhiu nm kinh nghim, hu ht cc kin u nh gi cao tnh thc tin ca vic tch hp gio dc v bin o Vit Nam cho hc sinh THPT trong cc gi dy hc Ng Vn . iu  khng ch gp phn cao nhn thc v vn  bin o, v ch quyn ca T quc m cn to nn sc hp dn, cun ht cho gi dy hc Ng Vn. C. PHN KT LUN I. KT LUN T nhng nghin cu trn c th rt ra nhng kt lun sau: ng gp ca  ti l  ch: t quan im tch hp v thc t tng bi trong chng trnh Ng Vn THPT ngi vit  vn dng gio dc v bin o Vit Nam vi ni dung, liu lng ph hp v linh hot vo tng bi hc c th. Tch hp gio dc v bin o Vit Nam cho hc sinh THPT trong gi dy hc Ng Vn rt ph hp v c tnh thc tin cao. Vic tch hp ny khng ch gp phn nng cao nhn thc, trch nhim cho hc sinh v bin o qu hng. M thng qua cc ni dung c tch hp vo bi dy hc, gio vin s pht huy c tnh ch ng, tch cc ca hc sinh, lm cho Vn hc gn b vi cuc sng, t  to nn s hp dn cho gi dy hc Ng Vn. . II. KIN NGH,  XUT. - Cn tng cng tuyn truyn su rng hn na v vn  bin o Vit Nam khng ch ti i tng hc sinh m l nhn dn c nc c bit l khu vc nng thn v vng cao, vng su. - Khi bin son li sch gio khoa THPT cn tng cng s tit tm hiu v bin o; a ni dung gio dc v bin o tch hp vo nhiu mn hc. XC NHN CA TH TRNG N V ............................................................................. ............................................................................. ............................................................................. .............................................................................Thanh Ha, ngy 08 thng 05 nm 2013 Ti xin cam oan y l SKKN ca ti vit, khng sao chp ni dung ca ngi khc. Ngi thc hin Trn Th Minh Loan  TH MC THAM KHO 1. Nhiu tc gi, Chun kin thc, k nng Ng Vn 10,NXBGDVN,H,2010. 2. Nhiu tc gi, Chun kin thc, k nng Ng Vn 11,NXBGDVN,H,2010. 3. Nhiu tc gi, Chun kin thc, k nng Ng Vn 12,NXBGDVN,H,2010. 4. Nhiu tc gi, SGK a l 10,11,12, NXBGD, H, 2009 5. Nhiu tc gi, SGK Lch S 12, NXBGD, H, 2009 6. Nhiu tc gi, SGK Gio dc cng dn 10,11,12, NXBGD, H, 2009 7. Nhiu tc gi, SGK Quc phng 10,11,12, NXBGD, H, 2009 8. Phan Trng Lun (Ch bin), Ng Vn 10, NXBGD,H,2009. 9. Phan Trng Lun (Ch bin), Ng Vn 11, NXBGD,H,2009. 10. Phan Trng Lun (Ch bin), Ng Vn 12, NXBGD,H,2009. 11.Ti liu Tuyn truyn v bin o ca Ban tuyn gio Trung ng. 12. Ngun t Internet. PH LC 1. Thuyt minh v bin Sm Sn  Thanh Ha. Bi bin Sm Sn thuc th x Sm Sn, tnh Thanh Ha, cch thnh ph Thanh Ha 16km. B bin di, bng phng, phong cnh hng v),  c ngi Php khai thc t nm 1906. Bi bin Sm Sn l ni tm bin rt tt m ngi Php  bit khai thc t nm 1906 v Sm Sn nhanh chng tr thnh ni ngh mt ni ting ca ng Dng. T nhng thp k trc,  c nhiu bit th ngh mt mc ln  y. Vua Bo i, ng vua cui cng ca triu Nguyn cing xy bit th ring  Sm Sn. B bin Sm Sn di 10km bng phng v nhiu hi sn qu nh tm he, c thu, mc... Sm Sn c cnh sc thin nhin hng v), vng bin bao la vi nhng thng tch v huyn thoi mang m cht nhn vn v lng mn khch. Bi bin Sm Sn l mt trong nhng bi bin rng v p  pha bc. Bi bin Sm Sn chy di gn 6 km t ca Lch Hi n chn ni Trng L. Bi ct thoai thoi, sng m, nc trong xanh v nng  mui va phi rt ph hp vi sc kho con ngi. Ngoi bi tm p, thin nhin cn ph cho Sm Sn nhiu danh lam - thng cnh ni ting v lung linh sc mu huyn thoi.  l dy ni Trng L chy di theo mp nc bn ma thng reo, l hn Trng Mi lng mn tnh t, l n c Cc, C Tin uy nghi c knh; l Vng Hi i- ni du khch c th ngm c mt vng tri nc mnh mng. Cc truyn thuyt cn k li rng: Ni Trng l l mt thiu n ha thn  che chn phong ba bo tp cho dn lng, hn Trng Mi c sinh ra t mt mi tnh thu chung ca i v chng tr cn n c Cc l ni th v thn mt chn, mt anh hng thn thoi  t x thn lm hai na, mt trn b bo v dn lng, mt xung nc dit tr Thu qui. n c Cc v n C Tin u l nhng kin trc c xy dng t cui i Nh L ( th k 17 ) ( n C Tin l ni th vng thn c Cc v Mu Liu Hnh) theo li kin trc c.  l nhng ni m du khch thng ti ving thm mi khi n Sm Sn. Pha Nam dy ni Trng L cn c mt bi tm rt p, cnh quan mi trng cn rt nguyn s, ni y ha hn mt khu du lch ngh dng hin i trong tng lai. 2. Gii thiu v bin min Trung. Ti hi tho Quc gia vi ch   Khai thc tim nng bin, o v s pht trin bn vng ca Qung Ngi v min Trung do Vin Khoa hc x hi Vit Nam phi hp vi y ban Nhn tnh Qung Ngi t chc mi y, nhiu nh nghin cu, nh khoa hc  khng nh min Trung l vng c iu kin sinh thi c th, c v tr a l, chnh tr, kinh t chin lc quan trng. y l vng c tim nng kinh t v sinh thi mi trng to ln nh b bin di, vng lnh hi rng ln, giu ti nguyn sinh vt bin, nhiu tim nng v nng lng, khong sn, vn ti vin v dch v cng bin, du lch bin. c bit l du kh, thy sn, khong sn, nng lng v du lch vi nhiu bi bin p hp dn du khch trong v ngoi nc. Trong 14 tnh, thnh ph duyn hi min Trung t Thanh Ha n Bnh Thun c chiu di gn 1.900km, khu vc ny c din tch khong gn 100.000km2, chim gn 30% din tch c nc, c gn 19 triu dn, chim gn 22% dn s c nc. Trong giai on 2006-2010, ton khu vc min Trung c tc  tng trng trung bnh 13%, tc  tng trng cao hn c nc. Tuy nhin t trng GDP ca ton khu vc ny trong GDP c nc ch chim khong 14% nm 2010. Nu so snh t trng dn s so vi c nc (gn 22%) v t trng GDP so vi c nc (14%) cho thy DGP/ngi ca khu vc ny thp hn trung bnh ca Vit Nam, ni cch khc trnh  pht trin ca khu vc ny thp hn bnh qun c nc. Theo ph gio s-tin s Bi Quang Bnh (i hc kinh t  Nng), 14 tnh, thnh ph duyn hi min Trung t Thanh Ha n Bnh Thun u c bin, chim 50% s tnh trong c nc c b bin, vi chiu di gn 1.900 km, chim 57% b bin c nc (3.260km), trong  thnh ph  Nng c chiu di b bin t nht vi 70km v Ph Yn c chiu di b bin di nht l 189km. B bin  khu vc ny phn ln cn hoang s cha c khai thc. Trn vng lnh hi c hng chc o, trong  c nhiu o ln nh Cn C (Qung Tr), Hong Sa (thnh ph  Nng), C Lao Chm (Qung Nam), L Sn (Qung Ngi), Trng Sa (Khnh Ha), Ph Qu (Bnh Thun). y l c s  xc nh pht trin kinh t bin theo hng lu di c tnh cht chin lc cho khu vc minTrung. Ph gio s-tin s Bi Quang Bnh cho rng tim nng kinh t bin ca khu vc min Trung, trc tin phi khng nh v tr ca vng bin ny, min Trung nm gn mt trong nhng tuyn ng hng hi nng ng nht th gii. Trn tuyn ng chin lc giao thng ng thy quc t vi 5/10 tuyn ng hng hi ln nht ca hnh tinh i qua. Hng nm, vn chuyn qua bin ng khong 70% lng du m nhp khu t Trung ng v ng Nam , khong 45% hng xut ca Nht Bn v 60% hng xut nhp khu ca Trung Quc. V tr a l vng bin ny cng vi iu kin a l  cho min Trung nhiu cng bin ln nh Nghi Sn, Ving ng, Chn My, Tin Sa, Dung Qut, Quy Nhn, Ving R, Nh Trang, Cam Ranh& trong  c nhiu cng nc su vi cng sut hng ha thng qua cng hng chc triu tn/nm, to iu kin tt  pht trin v vn ti bin v dch v cng bin. B bin v vng lnh hi rng ln cha cc m sa khong ca cc nguyn t him v vt liu xy dng; cc m du kh  vng thm lc a; nhiu ngun li thy sn, cc h sinh thi bin, ven bin. B bin khng ch p v danh lam thng cnh m cn c nhiu tim nng v ti nguyn khong sn, dc b bin c nhiu sa khong kim loi, nht l sa khong ilmenit, zircon, monit, ring Titan gn nh phn b  tt c cc tnh, nht l Bnh nh v Bnh Thun. V ti nguyn sinh vt, y l vng c a dng sinh hc cao vi nhiu kiu h sinh thi khc nhau nh di ct ven b, rng ngp mn, rn san h, c bin, rong bin, ca sng, vng triu, m ph, ving, vnh bin. C 243 loi to, 159 loi rong bin, 7 loi c bin, 146 loi v cc nhm ng vt ni nc mn, c hn 600 loi c, trong  c 50 loi c kinh t cao nh c i, c mi, c da, c cng, c m, c ng, c thu, c cu& ; c 57 loi tm he, c bit l tm hm. Ring ngun li hi sn vi tr lng c ton vng bin c tnh khong 1,25 triu tn. Bn cnh , nui trng thy sn cing l th mnh em li ngun li ln cho dn c sinh sng ven bin, y cing l tim nng  thc y pht trin kinh t bin. V tim nng nng lng, min Trung c tim nng  sn xut in t gi, thu triu. sng. c bit l ngun du kh, khu vc min Trung chim 4/7 bn tring c tim nng du kh  Vit Nam. c bit, tim nng v du lch bin o, vi b bin di gn 1.900km, min trung c nhiu bi tm p, hp dn du khch trong v ngoi nc nh Sm Sn (Thanh Ha), Ca L (Ngh An), Lng C (Tha Thin-Hu), M Kh, Non Nc ( Nng), Ca i (Qung Nam), M Kh, Sa Hunh (Qung Ngi), Quy Nhn (Bnh nh), i Lnh, Vn Phong, Nha Trang (Khnh Ho), Ninh Ch, C N (Ninh Thun), Mii N (Bnh Thun). Bn cnh  c cc o gn b vi cnh quan thin nhin p, c gi tr a dng sinh hc cao, nhiu o cn kh hoang s nh bn o Sn Tr ( Nng), C Lao Chm (Qung Nam), L Sn (Qung Ngi), Hn Tre, Hn Tm (Khnh Ho), Ph Qu (Bnh Thun). H thng vnh nh: Vnh Dung Qut, Thanh Thu (Qung Ngi), Vnh Quy Nhn (Bnh nh), Xun i (Ph Yn), Nha Trang, Vn Phong (Khnh Ho) l nhng vnh p, hi t khng gian bin giao thoa vi i sng vn ho ven bin to nn sc hp dn c trng cho vng min. Cng vi nhng tim nng kinh t bin nu trn, dc theo trc b bin trong khu vc hin nay c cc khu kinh t, khu cng nghip ln ca Vit Nam  l: KKT Dung Qut (Qung Ngi), Khu kinh t m Chu Lai (Qung Nam), KKT Nhn Hi (Bnh nh), Vn Phong (Khnh Ho), Ving ng (H T)nh), Nghi Sn (Thanh Ho), Nam Ph Yn (Ph Yn), ng-Nam Ngh An (Ngh An), Hn La (Qung Bnh), ng- Nam (Qung Tr), Chn My- Lng C (Tha Thin - Hu)  c thnh lp v hot ng to ng lc mi cho pht trin kinh t bin ti cc tnh trong khu vc ny./. (Theo Nguyn ng Lm (TTXVN) 3. TUYN B V NG X CA CC BN  BIN NG NM 2002 GIA ASEAN V TRUNG QUC (DOC) Chnh ph cc nc thnh vin ASEAN v nc Cng ho nhn dn Trung Hoa; KHNG NH li quyt tm cng c v pht trin tnh hu ngh v hp tc gia nhn dn v Chnh ph cc nc ny nhm thc u mi quan h i tc lng ging tt v tin cy ln nhau hng ti th k 21; NHN THY s cn thit phi thc y mi trng ho bnh, hu ngh v ho hp ti bin ng gia ASEAN v Trung Quc  tng cng ho bnh, n nh, tng trng kinh t v phn vinh  khu vc; CAM KT pht huy nhng nguyn tc v mc tiu nu trong Tuyn b chung nm 1997 ca Nhng ngi ng u Nh nc/Chnh ph cc nc thnh vin ASEAN v Ch tch nc Cng ho nhn dn Trung Hoa; MONG MUN thc y cc iu kin thun li  gii quyt ho bnh v lu bn nhng bt ng v tranh chp gia cc quc gia lin quan; NAY TUYN B nh sau: 1.Cc bn khng nh li cam kt i vi nhng mc tiu v nguyn tc ca Hin chng Lin hp quc, Cng c Lin hp quc v Lut bin nm 1982, Hip c thn thin v Hp tc  ng Nam , Nm nguyn tc cng tn ti ho bnh v cc nguyn tc ph cp khc ca lut php quc t, l nhng quy tc c bn iu chnh quan h gia cc quc gia. 2.Cc bn cam kt tm ra nhng phng cch  to dng s tin cy v lng tin ph hp vi cc nguyn tc nu trn v trn c s bnh ng v tn trng ln nhau. 3.Cc bn khng nh li s tn trng v cam kt ca mnh i vi quyn t do hng hi v quyn t do bay ngang qua vng tri pha trn Bin ng nh  c quy nh bi cc nguyn tc ph cp ca lut php quc t, k c Cng c ca Lin hp quc v Lut bin nm 1982. 4. Cc bn lin quan cam kt gii quyt nhng tranh chp lnh th v quyn ti phn bng cc bin php ho bnh, khng e do s dng hay s dng vi lc, thng qua tham kho kin v thng lng hu ngh gia cc quc gia c ch quyn trc tip lin quan, ph hp vi cc nguyn tc ph cp ca lut php quc t, trong  c Cng c Lin hp quc v Lut bin nm 1982. 5. Cc bn lin quan cam kt t kim ch khng tin hnh cc hot ng lm phc tp hoc gia tng cc tranh chp v nh hng ti ho bnh v n nh, k c khng tin hnh cc hot ng a ngi n sinh sng trn cc o, bi  ngm, bi ct ngm, di  ngm v nhng cu trc khc hin cha c ngi sinh sng v x l cc bt ng mt cch xy dng; Trong khi ch i c gii php ho bnh cho cc tranh chp lnh th v quyn ti phn, cc bn lin quan cam kt tng cng cc n lc trn tinh thn hp tc v hiu bit nhm tm ra cc phng cch xy dng s tin cy v lng tin gia cc bn, bao gm; a.Khi thch hp, tin hnh i thoi v trao i kin gia cc quan chc qun s v quc phng ca cc bn c lin quan; b.Bo m i x nhn o v cng bng i vi tt c mi ngi gp nguy him hay lm nn; c.T nguyn thng bo cho cc bn lin quan khc v tp trn qun s chung/hn hp sp din ra; d.T nguyn trao i thng tin thch hp. 6. Trong khi ch i c gii php ton din v lu di cho tranh chp cc bn lin quan c th thm d hoc tin hnh cc hot ng hp tc. Cc hot ng ny c th bao gm: a.Bo v mi trng bin; b.Nghin cu khoa hc bin; c.An ton hng hi v lin lc trn bin; d. Cc hot ng tm kim v cu nn; e.u tranh chng ti phm xuyn quc gia, bao gm nhng khng ch gii hn trong cc l)nh vc bun lu ma tu, cp bin v cp c vi trang trn bin, v bun lu vi kh. Cc th thc, phm vi v a im lin quan n cc hp tc phi c cc bn lin quan nht tr trc khi thc hin. 7.Cc bn lin quan sn sng tip tc cc cuc tham kho kin v i thoi v cc vn  lin quan thng qua nhng th thc c cc bn nht tr, k c vic tin hnh cc cuc tham kho kin thng xuyn v vic tun th Tuyn b ny, nhm mc ch thc y quan h lng ging tt v tnh minh bch, to dng s ha hp, hiu bit ln nhau v hp tc; v to iu kin gii quyt ho bnh cc tranh chp gia cc bn. 8.Cc bn cam kt tn trng nhng iu khon ca Tuyn b ny v tin hnh nhng hnh ng ph hp vi nhng iu khon . 9.Cc bn khuyn khch cc nc khc tn trng cc nguyn tc c nu trong Tuyn b ny. 10. Cc bn lin quan khng nh li vic thng qua B quy tc ng x  Bin ng s thc y hn na ho bnh v n nh  khu vc v ng , trn c s ng thun, phn u t mc tiu trn. Lm vo ngy mng 4/11/2002 ti Phnm Pnh, Vng quc Cam-pu-chia. 4. Khi nim v ch  php l v vng c quyn kinh t v thm lc a theo Cng c v Lut bin 1982. Vng c quyn kinh t (rng 200 hi l t ng c s), ti vng ny Vit Nam qun l mi ti nguyn sinh vt, khong sn v cc hot ng kinh t lin quan n khai thc, s dng ti nguyn, c xy dng, thit lp cc cng trnh nhn to, nghin cu khoa hc, bo v mi trng bin. Pha nc ngoi c hng quyn t do hng hi, t do bay cing nh lp t ng dn du hay dy cp ngm  y nhng khng nh hng n cc quyn ca Vit Nam ni trn. Thm lc a (y v lng t di y bin, rng ti thiu 200 hi l, ti a 350 hi l tnh t ng c s hay khng vt qu 100 hi l tnh t ng ng su 2.500 m nc), Vit Nam c quyn ch quyn i vi mi loi ti nguyn thin nhin  trn b mt v trong lng t ca thm lc a ca mnh, cing nh cc hot ng kinh t lin quan n khai thc, s dng ti nguyn. Vit Nam c th tin hnh khai thc du m hay cho php cc nc khc khai thc du m cing nh cc loi khong sn khc  khu vc ny. ( Trch Cng c quc t v lut binK kt ngy 10 thng 12 nm 1982) 5. Vi nt v Hong Sa - Trng Sa - Qun o Hong Sa + Qun o Hong Sa l mt qun o san h nm gia Bin ng. T lu Hong Sa cing nh Trng Sa  thuc lnh th VitNamvi tn Bi Ct Vng, Hong Sa. + Qun o Hong Sa nm trong kinh  1110n 1130ng, v)  15045 ; n 17015 , ngang vi v)  Hu v  Nng. Hong Sa nm  pha Bc Bin ng, trn ng bin quc t t Chu u n cc nc pha ng v ng Bc v gia cc nc Chu vi nhau. + Qun o Hong Sa gm trn 30 o trong vng bin rng khong 15.000 km2chia ra lm 2 nhm: Nhm pha ng c tn l An V)nh, gm khong 12 o nh v mt s o san h, Trong  c 2 o ln l Ph Lm v Linh Cn, mi o rng 1,5km2; nhm pha Ty gm nhiu o xp vng cung nn gi l nhm li lim, trong  c cc o Hong Sa (din tch 1km2) Quang nh, Hu Nht, Quang Ho, Duy Mng, Chim Yn, Tri Tn& Ring o Hong Sa c trm kh tng ca Vit Nam hot ng t nm 1938 n 1947, c t chc kh tng quc t t s hiu 48-860 (s 48 ch khu vc Vit Nam) + Di triu Nguyn, qun o Hong Sa thuc ph Qung Ngi, tnh QungNam. Nm 1938 thuc tnh Tha Thin. Nm 1961 gi l x nh Hi, qun Ho Vang tnh QungNam. Nm 1982 chnh ph ta quyt nh thnh lp huyn Hong Sa thuc tnh QungNam Nng. Nay tr thnh huyn Hong Sa thuc thnh ph  Nng. + Nm 1956 Trung Quc chim phn pha ng ca qun o Hong Sa. Thng 1/1974, trong lc qun v dn ta ang tp trung sc tin hnh cuc khng chin chng M, cu nc, Trung Quc  em qun ra nh chim ton b qun o Hong Sa ca VitNam. - Qun o Trng Sa + Qun o Trng Sa cch qun o Hong Sa khong 200 hi l v phaNam. Qun o Trng Sa bao gm hn 100 o nh, bi ngm, bi san h nm tri rng trong mt vng bin khong 180.000 km2vi chiu ng Ty l 325 hi l, chiu Bc Nam l 274 hi l, t v)  6030 Bc n 120Bc v t kinh  111030 ng n 117020 ng, cch Cam Ranh 248 hi l, cch o Hi Nam (Trung Quc) 595 hi l. + Qun o Trng Sa c chia lm 10 cm: Song T, Th T, Loi Ta, Nam Yt, Sinh Tn, Trng Sa, Thm Him, Bi Ving My, Bi Hi Sm, Bi Lim, Song T Ty l o cao nht (cao 4 n 6 mt lc triu xung); Ba nh l o rng nht (0,6km2) trong qun o. iu kin t nhin v kh hu vng ny rt khc nghit: nng gi, ging bo thng xuyn, thiu nc ngt, nhiu o khng c cy. Qun o Trng Sa khng ch l v tr qun s chin lc n ng pha ngNamnc ta, bo v vng bin v hi o ven b, m cn l mt vng c tr lng ln pht pht kh ln, c nhiu loi ng thc vt v c th c nhiu du. VitNamang c mt v bo v 21 o v bi  ngm trn qun o Trng Sa. 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